1. Intro to Period 4 The Jeffersonian Age 1801-1805 Mr. Mark Gonzalez and Ms. Susan Pojer Grace Christian Academy

2. 1800 Election Results (16 states in the Union) Thomas JeffersonVirginia Democratic- Republican 7352.9% Aaron BurrNew York Democratic- Republican 7352.9% John AdamsMassachusettsFederalist6547.1% Charles PinckneySouth CarolinaFederalist6446.4% John JayNew YorkFederalist 1 0.7% “A Peaceful Revolution”-the Election of 1800 Election decided in the House of Representatives due to a tie * The peaceful passing of power from Adams’ Federalists to Jefferson’s Democrat-Republican party accomplished w/o violence- very rare for its time

3. Thomas Jefferson, 1 st Inaugural Address, 1801 “Let us, then, fellow-citizens, unite with one heart and one mind. Let us restore to social intercourse that harmony and affection without which liberty and even life itself are but dreary things. But every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle. We have called by different names brethren of the same principle. We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists.”

4. Thomas Jefferson Elected (Republican) (1801-1809) First election decided by the House of Reps Wanted a smaller role for federal gov, more role for the states- but later forced to moderate his republican values Lower taxes, smaller military, appointed both federalists and Republicans in his administration Westward Expansion

5. Jefferson and Muslim Barbary Pirates Jefferson refused to pay tribute money (as Washington and Adams had done) to the Muslim pirates of the Barbary coast- fought a 4 year conflict-US navy gained respect

6. Jefferson’s attack on federalist judges Chief Justice Marshall (federalist, TJ’s cousin)-opposed Jefferson Marshall’s decisions strengthened the power of central govt, but weakened states’ rights Tried to dismiss Federalist judges- Pickering (NH), Samuel Chase

7. Jefferson’s attack on federalist judges Marbury v Madison- Supreme Court could judge constitutionality of Congressional acts (judicial review) Repealed Judiciary Act as unconstitutional The Supreme Court could now overrule action of the 2 other branches of govt

8. V. Prez. Aaron Burr-Jefferson’s headache Aaron Burr-lost against Jefferson in 1800 “a dangerous man”-Hamilton Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel killing Hamilton Tried to start a civil war out west and get New England to secede from the nation Arrested, put on trial for treason, but acquitted by Federalist jury/judge

9. 1800 Election Results (Into the House of Representatives!!)  1 vote for each State  1800 Election Results (Into the House of Representatives!!)  1 vote for each State  Thomas JeffersonVirginiaDemocratic-Republican1062.5% Aaron BurrNew YorkDemocratic-Republican 425.0% Blank------- 212.5%

10. America Expands Early 1800s

11. “American Progress” by John Gast, 1872

12. “Manifest Destiny”  First mentioned by newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan in 1845.  ".... the right of our manifest destiny to over spread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and federaltive development of self-government entrusted to us. It is right such as that of the tree to the space of air and the earth suitable for the full expansion of its principle and destiny of growth."  A myth of the West as a land of romance and adventure emerged.

13. The Louisiana Purchase from France

14. Napoleon needed funds to finance wars $15 million for more than Jefferson orig. wanted Problem: did the Constitution give Jefferson the power to purchase foreign land? Jefferson argued it was the good of the country- strengthened his hoped for an agrarian society of farmers

15. The Louisiana Purchase from France Doubled (2X) the size of the USA Rumors of towers, giants, and salt towers President Jefferson sent Lewis and Clark into the Louisiana territory to explore and see what economic opportunities existed Zebulon Pike sent to explore parts of territory as well

17. The Lewis and Clark Expedition

18. Absolutely epic journey up the Missouri River and beyond Lewis, Clark and 43 adventurers knowledge gathering mission Jefferson instructions>>> find route to Pacific

19. The Lewis and Clark Expedition York, a explorer/black slave of Clark- was the big attraction for the natives York was like a “rock star” discovered that the Indians would give him almost anything for a chance to touch his curly hair. Escaped from slavery after Clark refused to free him, and eventually lived w/ the Indians and became a chieftan w/ 4 wives

20. The Lewis and Clark Expedition In North Dakota, Lewis and Clark later joined by a French fur trapper named Touissant Charbonneau and his Indian wife Sacajawea and their baby boy With Sacajawea's help, Lewis and Clark persuaded the Shoshone Indians to sell them horses and guided them across the mountains before the first winter snows and reached the Pacific –video clip

21. The Lewis and Clark Expedition On September 23, 1806, Lewis and Clark returned to St. Louis after an absence of two years and four months. During this time they had traveled nearly 8,000 miles across an astonishing landscape.

22. The Lewis and Clark Expedition their "papers and baggage” priceless information about the new lands the United States had recently acquired and the peoples who lived there. When their journals were published a few years later, Americans had their first detailed look at the vast northwest country- and attract new settlers.

24. Zebulon Pike’s Journey Traveled into New Mexico-Spanish colonists “very friendly” Arrested by Spanish for trespassing- imprisoned in Santa Fe Returned to US lands and wrote a journal glowing about the beauty of land and its economic potential