2. Exercise Science The Lower Limb

3. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. How Muscles Are Named (also p. 37 of textbook) Action/FunctionFlexion/Extension Direction of FibresRectus/Transversus LocationAnterior/Posterior Number of Divisions/HeadsNumber of heads ShapeDeltoid/Trapezius Points of AttachmentSternum/Clavicle/Mastoid process

4. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. How Muscles Attach to Bone  Indirect attachment:  Epimysium extends past muscle as a tendon  Attaches to periosteum of bone  Direct attachment:  Epimysium adheres to and fuses with the periosteum Point of attachment

5. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Antagonistic Pairs Examples Examples Agonist (Prime Mover)Antagonist (Counteracts) Elbow flexionBiceps brachiiTriceps brachii Shoulder abductionDeltoidLatissimus dorsi Medial shoulder rotation Pectoralis majorInfraspinatus Knee extensionQuadricepsHamstrings Wrist flexionFlexor carpi radialisExtensor carpi radialis Dorsi flexionTibialis anteriorGastrocnemius Trunk flexionRectus abdominisErector spinae group Hip flexionIliopsoasGluteus maximus

6. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Origin, Insertion, and Function  Origin:  Proximal attachment  Where muscle attaches to the least moveable area of the bones of the axial skeleton Origin Insertion  Function:  Action/motion  What the muscle does when activated  Insertion:  Distal attachment  Where muscle attaches to the bone that is moved most, usually on the appendicular skeleton

7. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Muscles of the Hip – Anterior Psoas minor Psoas major Iliopsoas Pectineus Gracilis Rectus femoris Iliotibial tract (band)

8. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Muscles of the Hip – Posterior Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Gluteus maximus (cut) Gracilis

9. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Muscles of the Hip – Anterior (adductors) Pectineus (cut) Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Adductor group

10. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Muscles of the Thigh – Anterior Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Quadriceps femoris group Vastus intermedius (underneath)

11. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Muscles of the Thigh – Posterior Semitendinosus Biceps femoris Semimembranosus Hamstring muscle group

12. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Extrinsic Foot Muscles – Anterior Extensor digitorum longus Tibialis anterior

13. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Extrinsic Foot Muscles – Posterior Calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon) Gastrocnemius (medial and lateral heads) Soleus

14. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Extrinsic Foot Muscles – Posterior (deep) Popliteus Tibialis posterior Peroneus longus Flexor digitorum longus

15. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Intrinsic Foot Muscles – Superficial Flexor digitorum brevis

16. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Intrinsic Foot Muscles – Intermediate Quadratus plantae

17. ©Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc. 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Intrinsic Foot Muscles – Deep Flexor hallucis brevis