1. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Tools for Assessing & Evaluating Groups © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. C H A P T E R 7 Twelfth Edition Theory and Practice EFFECTIVE GROUP DISCUSSION

2. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter Content  Internal Assessment  External Assessment: The Consultant  Functions of a Consultant  Ethical Principals for Consultants  Planning the Consultation  Instruments for Observing & Consulting

3. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Reasons for Research  To benefit yourself  To benefit the group  To benefit the discipline

4. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Ask yourself:  What do I want to measure?  What observable evidence does that quality have?  Is there an existing instrument I can use?  How can I make the process easy for the respondent and for me?

5. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Internal Assessment Assess:  Yourself  Others  The group

6. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Self-Assessment  Personality inventories and rating scales  Examples:  Grouphate  Preference for procedural order  Assertiveness  Conflict management style  Leadership

7. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Member & Group Assessment  Participant rating scale  Leader rating scale  Group ratings  Focus on any element of a group  Post-meeting reaction forms

8. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

13. External Assessment: The Consultant  Consultants are not group members  To become a consultant:  Practice  Observation skills

14. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Functions of a Consultant  Remind group members of communication principles  Teach procedures and techniques Continued

15. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Functions of a Consultant  Critique a group’s performance  Problem-solving discussion  Group process  Group product  Leadership  Give feedback sensitively

16. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Ethical Principals for Consultants 1.Do not harm group members 2.Tell the truth 3.Make your criticism constructive 4.Respect the privacy and confidentiality of group members

17. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Planning the Consultation  Conduct background research  Record the group’s discussion  Prepare questions to guide observation  Focus on aspects of a group

18. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Instruments for Observing & Consulting  Verbal interaction analysis  Content analysis  SMYLOG  System for the Multiple Level Observation of Groups Continued

19. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Verbal Interaction Analysis Figure 7.13 Verbal Interaction Diagram

20. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Verbal Interaction Analysis Verbal Interaction Worksheet Brown Jones Lingle Gallo Radeau Marx Totals Brown Jones Lingle Gallo Radeau Marx Group Totals

21. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Verbal Interaction Analysis Figure 7.15 Data Displayed from a Verbal Interaction Diagram

22. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Content Analysis Figure 7.16 Content Analysis of Behavioral Functions of Members

23. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Content Analysis Figure 7.18 Pie Chart Displaying a Group Member’s Behavioral Functions

24. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. SYMLOG  System for the Multilevel Observation of Groups  Assumes member behavior can be classified on dimensions:  Dominant/ submissive  Friendly/ unfriendly  Task oriented/ emotionally expressive

25. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. SYMLOG  Can be used by observers, or  As a rating scale completed by group members  Intended to create “snapshots” of the group interaction, including cohesiveness

26. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. SYMLOG Diagram Figure 7.19 SYMLOG Diagram of Noncohesive Group

27. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. SYMLOG Diagram Figure 7.20 SYMLOG Diagram of a Unified, Productive Group

28. © 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.  Groups and group members benefit from evaluation – self-evaluation and evaluation by knowledgeable outsiders.  These scales are useful in themselves and as examples of how such instruments can be constructed.