1. Safety in Work Cells n Issues, mechanisms and equipment, preventative measures

2. Accidents in Robotic Work Cells n Persons struck or pinched by robots while inside work envelope (through human error in teaching, careless approach, maintenance, or regular operation). n Persons struck by objects manipulated, dropped, or ejected from work cells. n Persons over-riding safety devices.

3. Areas of Emphasis to reduce Robot Accidents 1. Safeguarding (Warning) Devices 2. Personnel Training 3. Preventive Maintenance

4. Safeguarding Devices u Electronic curtains, motion detectors u Pressure sensitive floor pads u Emergency Stop u Interlock- electrical circuit switch, removes power if open

5. Safeguarding Devices: n Awareness Barriers- physical device/visual indicator (fence, painted lines, signs) n Awareness signals- audible sound/visible light device u Training- operator, maintenance, programmer

6. Perimeter Safeguarding – Cell Shields

7. Access Prevention Devices – Light Curtains

9. Access Prevention Devices – Pressure Sensitive Floor Mats

10. Access Prevention Devices – Proximity Laser Sensors

11. Access Prevention/Emergency Stop Devices – Interlocks

12. Emergency Stop Devices – Pressure Sensitive Edges

13. Emergency Stop Devices – Pull-Type Switches

14. Perimeter Safeguarding – Welding Curtains

15. Perimeter Safeguarding – Retro-Reflective Sensors

16. Warning Devices – Andon Lights

17. Safeguarding the Operator n Prevent the operator from being in the robot work envelope when the robot moving n Proper training to handle problems

18. Safeguarding the Programmer n When teaching, equipment must be under control of programmer n The robot system can operate at high speed under only special operational conditions n Only programmer allowed in the robot work space when teaching

19. Safeguarding Maintenance/Repair Personnel: u Do not assume robot movements u Always know where the closest emergency stop is u Avoid pinch points at all times u Know the robot (watch for problems)

20. Work Cell Design n Cell operations should be designed to minimize human injury n Cells should be designed to allow access by humans n Cells should promote visual communication (of process status, access to emergency stops, and warnings of hazards. n Cells should undergo a risk assessment program before operating.

21. Other Support Articles n Safety Mats Article Safety Mats Article Safety Mats Article n Safety Devices Article Safety Devices Article Safety Devices Article n Interlock Article Interlock Article Interlock Article n Light Curtains Article Light Curtains Article Light Curtains Article