3. During the Dark Ages in Europe/ AD 1000 before voyages of Exploration

5. Islamic Scholars (religion)/ Muslims (followers of Islamic Religion)

7. Made achievements which helped advance Renaissance movement

10. 9 th Century scholar wrote books on math. Math book: “al jabr”=algebra

12. Translated many works by ancient Greek Philosophers and scientists in to Arabic

14. Muslim astronomers built on work of Greeks

16. Muslim Thinker Ibn Sina built on work of Aristotle. Contributions to medicine and disease treatment

18. Muslims in Spain had centers of Islamic Art and Learning.

20. Scholars from Baghdad met and exchanged ideas with scholars from Western Europe.

22. Muslim city of Toledo: Muslims worked with Jews and Christians to collect and translate Greek works into Arabic and Latin. (Latin: dominant language of learning in Europe)