2. Patient Assessment - Before you begin Do a scene size-up –Safety. Do a medical size-up –Call for assistance. Start where you stand. If Necessary Perform Triage –If victims not already tagged. When triage completed begin assessment.

3. What We’re Looking For... Mechanism of Injury To provide immediate treatment for life threatening injuries To make a plan and treat non-life threatening injuries Signs & Symptoms –Signs Bruising Wounds Swelling Disfigurement –Symptoms Pain Dizziness Inability to move a body part.

4. Make Sure Your Patient has been Triaged Look, Listen, & Feel RPM –Respiration –Perfusion –Mental Status

5. Head Sign of Injury Change in consciousness Bleeding Nose, mouth or ears Bruising Swelling Seizures Paralysis Nausea, Vomiting

6. Exam of the Head Use two hands –Bilateral Symmetry Feel the scalp Feel the face Check the mouth for foreign objects os lacrimale

7. Neck Feel up back of neck –Find the 7th cervical vertebrae –Check alignment Check structures in front of neck –Trachea –Veins –Arteries

8. Head, Neck & Spine Injuries Stabilize the Head/Neck/Spine –Keep in a straight line –Support the neck Neck is the easiest area to injure Transport on a rigid surface –Door, plank, etc.

9. Shoulders Compare left and right –Same distance from ground –Same distance from head –Not forward, backward, higher or lower than the other

10. Chest Find the sternum –Find the notch above the sternum –Find the point on the bottom of the sternum Press with the edge of your hand –In the MIDDLE of the sternum –Depress about 1/2” Press in from sides

11. Abdomen Divide the abdomen into 4 quadrants –Find umbilicus Divide vertically and horizontally from that point Use two hands –Fingertips –Top hand presses down, Lower hand feels

12. Pelvis Find both iliac crests Place palms on the crests –Fingers facing out Press down Then press in from the sides

13. Arms & Legs Check alignment and appearance Rotate shoulder joint Flex elbow joint Flex wrist & fingers

14. Turning Patient - One Rescuer The more rescuers the better –(6 person turn taught in Class-5) Support the head/neck if able Position arms and legs for turning Grasp at shoulder and hip –Keep back inline when turning

15. Back Keep in alignment Secondary consideration –When compared to saving a life