1. Writing Basics

2. The 4 I’s Define your purpose and stick to it. Your Writing will need to achieve one of the 4 I’s: Instruct : policy, procedure Inform : advise progress Interpret : Summarize details Influence : persuade

3. Inverted Pyramid When it’s important to deliver the primary message upfront at the beginning. HOC LOC

4. The 5 W’s Who is it for Why are you writing What will you say? Where will your main points go? When do they need it by? How long will it take to write?

5. The 7 C’s Courteous Tone Consistent format, layout Clear with visuals Checked spelling, grammar Correct facts and figures Concrete specific and descriptive words Comprehensive covering all you need to say

6. Thinking of ideas Brainstorming Clustering Mind Mapping

7. Organizing Your Ideas Selecting Outlining Introducing Contrasting Classifying Summarizing Transitions

8. Writing your Ideas Developing Supporting Including details Using Examples Concluding

9. Coherence and Cogency Check the paper’s development FOR UNITY. Are the major points connected Do they all relate to the purpose?

10. Overall effect Peer review Proofreading Editing