1. French and Indian War Seven Years War Seven Years War

2. French & Indian French & Indian War War (Seven Years War) (Seven Years War) Setting the Stage Shortly before the American colonists fought the war of independence against the British, they fought side by side with them against the French and Indians.

3. French & Indian French & Indian War War (Seven Years War) (Seven Years War) Competition Fuels War Both the French and British expand into the unsettled areas – international competition. Issues arose regarding hunting, trapping, and trading rights, as well as land disputes. Tensions grew & in 1753 France and British fought each other over the region.

4. French Get Too Close For Comfort For Comfort Build forts as far south as Pittsburgh – Fort Duquesne Build forts as far south as Pittsburgh – Fort Duquesne Intrudes on land Virginia issued to investors Intrudes on land Virginia issued to investors Sends Virginia Militia – George Washington Sends Virginia Militia – George Washington Washington wins a skirmish at Fort Necessity Washington wins a skirmish at Fort Necessity French counterattack – Washington surrenders French counterattack – Washington surrenders Starts French & Indian War – 1 st real World War Starts French & Indian War – 1 st real World War

5. Huron Threaten Americans Long standing French & Indian alliance allows competition for English territory and resources. Long standing French & Indian alliance allows competition for English territory and resources. Natives begin harassing Americans on frontier Natives begin harassing Americans on frontier Benjamin Franklin organizes Benjamin Franklin organizes Albany Conference -1754 to resist. Albany Conference -1754 to resist. First attempt at colonial unity!!! First attempt at colonial unity!!!

7. Seven Years War Seven Years War Fourth War between England & France for control of North America over about 35 years Fourth War between England & France for control of North America over about 35 years King William’s War King William’s War Queen Ann’s War Queen Ann’s War King George’s War King George’s War Three phases: Three phases: - Washington’s attempt @ Ft. Necessity - Washington’s attempt @ Ft. Necessity - Braddock’s attempt @ Ft. Duquesne - Braddock’s attempt @ Ft. Duquesne - William Pitt takes Charge & Allies with Iroquois - William Pitt takes Charge & Allies with Iroquois

8. French Win Early French Win Early Fort William Henry – Lake George, NY French General Montcalm Sieges & wins

11. British Bounce Back Pitt Funds a 50,000 man army – great debt Pitt Funds a 50,000 man army – great debt General Wolfe attacks Quebec at night on General Wolfe attacks Quebec at night on the Plains of Abraham. the Plains of Abraham. Takes Quebec, but dies in the fighting Takes Quebec, but dies in the fighting

14. French & Indian War Results French & Indian War Results 1. British territory expands in America. 2. British debt grows as they finance an ever-expanding war. 3. Britons resent American colonists over the financing of a war to defend them. 4. Colonists unified for 1 st time against a common enemy. 5. Colonial militias saw themselves as volunteers or a "people's army" in contrast to the authoritarian and coercive British army. 6. France's influence in North American dwindled badly. a war to defend them. 4. Colonists unified for 1 st time against a common enemy. 5. Colonial militias saw themselves as volunteers or a "people's army" in contrast to the authoritarian and coercive British army. 6. France's influence in North American dwindled badly.

15. Victory Brings Problems Victory Brings Problems Pontiac’s Rebellion - Ohio Valley Natives attack Colonial settlers - Ohio Valley Natives attack Colonial settlers west of Appalachian Mountains -British send 10,000 troops for protection but - British send 10,000 troops for protection but costs too high Proclamation of 1763 - Ban settlements beyond Appalachians to avoid costs - Angers colonists – many had claims to land & $$$$$$.

16. British Debt Brings Problems British Debt Brings Problems King George III replaces William Pitt with George Grenville. Grenville determined to make Colonies pay for their defense (French & Indian War & Native protection). Cracks down on Massachusetts smugglers Stations standing army in colonies (threat to colonists)

17. “Sugar Act “Causes “Sugar Act “Causes More Resentment Halved the tax on foreign molasses Added taxes on many other items for 1 st time Tries Smugglers in England or Nova Scotia & paid judges a commission if they issued a guilty verdict.