1. The Industrial Revolution:  The Factory System  Urbanization  Proletariat  Unions  Factory Conditons  Improvements

2. The Factory System  Factory System: society that is organized by factories to meet the demands of the textile and manufacturing industries’ products for consumers.  Leads to urbanization.

3.  Proletariats:  unskilled laborers  The “Working Class”  Factory system = poor working conditions  The first unions.

6. “Solidarity Forever, the Union Song!”Solidarity Forever, the Union Song

7. Working Conditions in Factories

9. Scavengers

12. Food in the Factory

14. Factory Accidents  Mary Richards Mary Richards  Deformities Deformities  Video Video

15. Sir Robert Owen  A factory owner concerned about the well being of his employees.  “Healthy, happy employees makes higher production.”  Owen wanted to make a school for employee children and a store for his workers.  He wanted to regulate the communities around his factory.  Owen believed in morals Robert Owen, 1771-1858

16. Owen’s factory at New Lanark

17. Improved Working Conditions  Owen publicly said that the current working conditions in factories exploited women and children.  As a result, governments began to request change in the factories, particularly with wages and hours worked among children and women (Sadler Commission—1832)  Result: Factory Act Over the years, more improvements to the legislation would be added.

18.  Factory Act 1819: Limited the hours worked by children to a maximum of 12 per day.  Factory Act 1833: Children under 9 banned from working in the textiles industry and 10- 13 year olds limited to a 48 hour week.  Factory Act 1844: Maximum of 12 hours work per day for Women.  Factory Act 1847: Maximum of 10 hours work per day for Women and children.  Factory Act 1850: Increased hours worked by Women and children to 10 and a half hours a day, but not allowed to work before 6am or after 6pm.  Factory Act 1874: No worker allowed to work more than 56.5 hours per week

19. Owen’s Utopia  “a perfect world”  “The greatest happiness for the greatest number of people”  utilitarianism

25. Alexander “Boss” Gibson’s Home in Marysville