1. September 11, 2008 Do-Now: How does an image (like that of the world trade center attacks) transmitted by the media, affect policy? How much influence does the media have on war? Explain.Option: Connections. How do the following images affect you?Objectives: Recognize the power of mainstream media Identify the causes leading to the Spanish American War Define and explore concept of “Yellow Journalism” Agenda: Do now/discussion Homework check Video Clip(s) Delomme Letter Yellow Journalism Free-write Homework: Finish / Develop / Polish freewrite assignment if not completed in class

10. Yellow Journalism JournalismJournalism Type of newspaper coverage that emphasized sensational stories Type of newspaper coverage that emphasized sensational stories Name comes from a popular color cartoon character, Yellow Kid Name comes from a popular color cartoon character, Yellow Kid Cartoon gave its name to the “Yellow PressCartoon gave its name to the “Yellow Press

11. Causes of Spanish-American War Yellow Journalism Yellow Journalism Yellow Journalism Yellow Journalism Exaggerated & false stories about events in CubaExaggerated & false stories about events in Cuba Strengthen American sympathy for CubaStrengthen American sympathy for Cuba Demand for US intervention began to buildDemand for US intervention began to build The De Lome Letter The De Lome Letter Explosion of USS Maine Explosion of USS Maine

12. Read all about it! Hearst Hearst Pulitzer Pulitzer Media sensationalized the events in Cuba Media sensationalized the events in Cuba Debate remains today…did the press merely reflect the public’s desire for war, or, in fact, did it actually feed it? Debate remains today…did the press merely reflect the public’s desire for war, or, in fact, did it actually feed it?

14. “To Hell with Spain Remember the Maine!” At 9:40pm on February 15, 1898, the battleship U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor At 9:40pm on February 15, 1898, the battleship U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor 268 men were killed, shocking the American population 268 men were killed, shocking the American population What or who caused this explosion? What or who caused this explosion? http://www.homeofheroes.com/wallofhonor/spanish_am/02_maine.html http://www.homeofheroes.com/wallofhonor/spanish_am/02_maine.html http://www.homeofheroes.com/wallofhonor/spanish_am/02_maine.html

15. Waiting for the Facts Who is waiting? Who is waiting? Why should we wait for the “facts”? Why should we wait for the “facts”? Why might the United States want to go to war? Why might the United States want to go to war? Why is it difficult to wait? What pressures exist? Why is it difficult to wait? What pressures exist?

16. William Randolph Hearst Grew up in Ca Grew up in Ca Used combo of investigative reporting and sensational stories to increase circulation of his papers Used combo of investigative reporting and sensational stories to increase circulation of his papers Improved paper by luring experienced journalists from other papers Improved paper by luring experienced journalists from other papers Owned New York Morning Journal Owned New York Morning Journal “Please Remain. You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war.” “Please Remain. You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war.”

17. Joseph Pulitzer Born in Hungary Born in Hungary Owned the New York World Owned the New York World Invaded people’s private lives, invented facts, and sensationalized the ordinary with exaggeration to increase circulation Invaded people’s private lives, invented facts, and sensationalized the ordinary with exaggeration to increase circulation

18. Effects of Yellow Journalism on the Spanish-Am. War Media sensationalized the events in Cuba Media sensationalized the events in Cuba Debate remains today…did the press merely reflect the public’s desire for war, or, in fact, did it actually feed it? Debate remains today…did the press merely reflect the public’s desire for war, or, in fact, did it actually feed it? What positive effects or outcomes could come from a war with Spain? What positive effects or outcomes could come from a war with Spain?

19. Headlines and Pictures “Thousands of Children of the Reconcentrados Perishing in Island Towns.” -(Journal, 2-14-1898) “Thousands of Children of the Reconcentrados Perishing in Island Towns.” -(Journal, 2-14-1898) Cuban Babes Prey to Famine Cuban Babes Prey to Famine (Journal, 2-14-1898 )(Journal, 2-14-1898 )

20. Headlines and Pictures “The Maine is Blown to Bits.” “The Maine is Blown to Bits.” “The Question on Every Lip is, ‘Did a Spanish Torpedo Do the Awful Work?” “The Question on Every Lip is, ‘Did a Spanish Torpedo Do the Awful Work?” “Spanish Mine” “Spanish Mine”

21. Evaluating Bias What is bias? What is bias? If every single one of us witnessed the same car crash, would our individual reports on the incident be the same? If every single one of us witnessed the same car crash, would our individual reports on the incident be the same? That’s unconscious biasThat’s unconscious bias What if motive is involved? What if motive is involved?

22. Your Assignment Find a controversial modern-day news story (e.g. Iraq war, global warming) Find a controversial modern-day news story (e.g. Iraq war, global warming) Compose a headline and brief article, and present a 1-sided, sensationalized, even scandalous version to help promote your opinion, as well as your paper sales. Compose a headline and brief article, and present a 1-sided, sensationalized, even scandalous version to help promote your opinion, as well as your paper sales. Take to heart that your goal is to provoke a reaction in support of your viewpoint… or at least your newspapers sales. Take to heart that your goal is to provoke a reaction in support of your viewpoint… or at least your newspapers sales.