1. Chapter 32 Maxwell’s Equations Electromagnetic Waves

2. Maxwell’s Equations Describe EVERYTHING in Electromagnetism

3. Gauss’ Law (Electric)

4. Gauss’ Law (Magnetic) No magnetic monopole exists

5. Faraday’s Law

6. Ampere-Maxwell law

7. Rewriting the EQN

8. Another equation

9. Maxwell’s equations (second version)

10. Maxwell’s Equation (Two Versions )

11. Electromagnetic Wave E B Light is represented by fluctuations in the magnetic and electric field called electromagnetic waves. EM wave is a consequence of the Maxwell’s Equation.

12. Basic Facts about EM waves in vacuum Always travels at exactly the speed of light c. E and B are always perpendicular. E×B gives the direction of the wave. |E|=|cB| Two independent direction of polarization (later)

13. Polarization (no need to memorize)

14. Circular Polarization (Skip) Combination of vertical and horizontal polarization

15. The electromagnetic spectrum

16. Why do we see colors?

17. Deriving EM waves in vacuum

18. Question This is precisely the speed of light! Conclusive proof that light is a kind of EM wave.

19. Bible? And God said, Let there be light, and there was light. - Genesis 1:3

20. The Dual Nature of Light (Quantum Mechanics) Sometimes waves Sometimes particles (photons)

21. How to produce EM waves Acceleration of charges Electrons jumping in energy levels in atoms Changing energy levels in molecules

22. Plane EM Waves (re-derived)

23. Plane EM Waves (Cont.)

26. Sinusoidal Solution

27. Poynting Vector

28. Intensity

29. MOMENTUM OF EM WAVES

30. Radiation Pressure