1. Balance & Imbalance Symmetry and Asymmetry

2. Visual Weight in Design Elements The major difference in design balance and physical balance is that your visual elements don’t have a physical weight. They do however, have visual weight. Some things that affect visual weight: Size – As you would expect larger elements carry more weight Color – It’s not fully understood why, but some colors are perceived as weighing more than others. Red seems to be heaviest while yellow seems to be lightest. Density – Packing more elements into a given space, gives more weight to that space Value – A darker object will have more weight than a lighter object Whitespace – Positive space weighs more than negative space or whitespace

3. Symmetry Symmetry

4. Symmetrical Balance Parthenon in Athens, Greece

5. Buddha Amoghasiddhi with Eight Bodhisattvas ca. 1200–1250 Tibet (Central regions) Distemper on cloth 27 1/8 x 21 1/4 in.

6. The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci, Tempera on gesso, pitch & mastic, 1495 – 98, Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan

7. Face Mask (Kpeliye'e) 19th–mid-20th century Côte d'Ivoire Senufo Wood, horns, raffia fiber, cotton cloth, feather, metal, sacrificial material H. 30 1/4 in. Throughout the twentieth century, members of poro, a Senufo initiation association, wore small, finely carved face masks as insignia. Considered feminine, the masks honor deceased Senufo elders with their grace and beauty.

8. Rattle 19th century Queen Charlotte Islands British Columbia Skittagetan or Haida Wood, pigment Overall: 3 x 8 in. This rattle depicts a grinning mountain spirit, potentially that of a bear. The spirit would act as the intercessor for the human figure found between the ears. The rattle represents the relationship between the two and how the owner would depend on the spirit for strength and guidance. Contemporary totem Pole at Namgis Burial Ground in British Columbia, Canada

9. Taj Mahal, masoleum, Agra, India, 1632 - 53

10. Little Faith by Jimmy Joe Roche, painted paper sculpture, 106 x 2 x 78” 2011 http://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=yJ-XJObVaBU

11. Prototype For New Understanding by Brian Jungen, Nike Shoe Sculpture, ranging in size from 2 x 2 to igloo-size, 2010

12. Brian Jungen

14. Artwork from Brian Jungen’s show at National Museum of the American Indian in DC, 2009 RIGHT: Blanket no.7 Professional Sports Jerseys, 69 x 53.5” 2008 LEFT: Collection of Prototype For New Understanding

15. Balance: Radial Symmetry

16. 17 th Century Reticella Lace Crochet Design

17. Namgyal monks completing a sand mandala, Cleveland, Ohio, museum.

18. Example of completed Sand Mandala

19. Radial Symmetry Mandala of Jnanadakini late 14th century Tibet (a Sakya monastery) Distemper on cloth 33 1/4 x 28 7/8 in. Detail of the mandala This mandala is in the form of an extraordinary palace seen from above. It is presided over by a female Buddha, Jnanadakini, who is the feminine aspect of Jnanadaka, a fierce manifestation of the Buddha Vajrasattva. Jnanadakini has six arms and three heads and sits on a lion throne surrounded by the eight goddesses of her inner circle. Four female guardians are seated in the doorways of the palace's gates.

20. Basic Structure of the Mandala

21. Circle Limit IV, woodcut in black and ocre, 2 block prints 1960 by M. C. Escher

22. Asymmetrical Balance ecnalaB lacirtemmysA

23. Metamorphosis III by M. C. Escher woodcut, second state in red, green & reddish-brown, 1967-68

24. Wassily Kandinsky, Composition VIII, 1923, Oil on canvas, 55 1/8 x 79 1/8 inches

25. Vincent Van Gogh, The Starry Night, Saint Rémy, June 1889. Oil on canvas, 29 x 36 1/4"

26. The woman crawling through the tawny grass was the artist's neighbor in Maine, who, crippled by polio, "was limited physically but by no means spiritually." Andrew Wyeth, Christina’s World, 1948, Tempera on gessoed panel, 32 1/4 x 47 3/4"

27. Wassily Kandinsky, Composition VII, 1913, Oil on canvas, (6' 6 3/4" x 9' 11 1/8”)

28. Mark di Suvero, Are Years What? (for Marianne Moore), 1967 Painted steel, 480 x 480 x 360 in

30. George Bellows Between Rounds, 1923 Lithograph 18 1/4 x 14 3/4 inches

31. Scott Hunt Donut 1999

32. Imbalance?

33. Spiderman Series by Michael Burmeister, oil on canvas, 2008

34. (a)Symmetrical Digital Collage Project

35. Digital collages by Florian Kuhlmann http://wim101.blogsp ot.com/2011/07/digita l-collages-by-florian- kuhlmann.html

36. Bernhard Hildebrandt

37. http://www.salavon.com/work/Mandala/image/188/ Modern Lifestyle Mandala (Lingerie #1) 2002 Digital C-prints. 28.25" x 47.75". 5 + 2 APs. Common goods arranged in complex radial formations. Inspired by the Buddhist mandala and shopping. http://www.salavon.com/work/color-wheel/image/409/

38. Fred Tomaselli, Dead Eyed Bird Blast, 1997. Hemp leaves, pills, photo collage, acrylic, and resin on wood panel. 60" x 60”

39. Metal Destroyer, 2004. Mixed media, resin on wood. 72" x 72"

41. FRED TOMASELLI, Hang Over, 2005, Leaves, pills, acrylic, resin on wood panel, 84 X 120 inches

42. Fred Tomaselli

43. Fred Tomaselli, Detail

44. Fred Tomaselli

48. Pamela Sunstrum