1. Arterial System and Blood Pressure

2. Arterial System and Blood Pressure
Arteries serve as hydraulic filter

3. Arterial System and Blood Pressure

4. Arterial System and Blood Pressure
Arteries Are Compliant Tubes
Reduced compliance is a manifestation of:
↑Collagen content
↓Elastin content
Slop = Compliance

5. Arterial System and Blood Pressure
Mean Arterial Pressure
(MAP)
Factors that determined Arterial Blood Pressure

6. Arterial System and Blood Pressure
Change In Stroke Volume
Change in compliance

7. Arterial System and Blood Pressure
Arterial pulse pressure

8. Arterial System and Blood Pressure
Arterial pulse pressure
Why Pulse pressure change itself shape along the artery tree?
Likely;
Decreased compliance of distal arteries
Reflective waves, particularly from arterial branch point

9. Arterial System and Blood Pressure
Pulse Wave
Speed:
Aorta 3-5 m/s
Large arteries 7 – 10 m/s
Small arteries m/s

10. Arterial System and Blood Pressure
Effects of Pressure on Vascular Resistance and Tissue Blood Flow
The reasons:
Increases the force that pushes blood
Distends the vessels at the same time

11. Arterial System and Blood Pressure
Changes in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures with age

12. Veins and Their Functions
Venous Pressures:
Right Atrial Pressure (Central Venous Pressure)
Regulated by a balance between
(1) The ability of the heart to pump blood out of the right atrium and ventricle into the lungs
(2) The tendency for blood to flow from the peripheral veins into the right atrium.

13. Veins and Their Functions
Venous Pressures:
Peripheral Venous Pressures

14. Veins and Their Functions
Reference point for circulatory pressure
Specific Blood Reservoirs
Spleen (as much as 100 ml)
Liver (several hundred ml)
large abdominal veins (as much as 300)
Venous plexus beneath the skin (several hundred ml)
Heart (~ ml)
Lungs (~ ml)