1. Update on Mass Production Layering Presented by Amy Bozek at the HAPL Workshop at LLNL June 20-21, 2005 A. Bozek, N. Alexander, G. Flint, D. Goodin, R. Petzoldt

2. IFT\P2005-070 IFE Plant: target layering design concept Layering: - redistribution of DT uniformly inside shell - highly isothermal environment  cryogenic fluidized bed -  T=450  K for 1%  wall, DT layer Fill/Layer Station IFE Plant Preliminary Layout (Ref. Fusion Science & Tech. Vol. 43, 2003) IFE Plant Design Basis: - 6 Hz production - 8 fluidized beds - 65,000 targets/bed - 8 hrs to fill/cool capsules - 13 hrs to layer - 3 hrs to unload LLNL layered target 100 ft operator 8 Fluidized beds Ref: R. Petzoldt calcs Alexander, 4/2003

3. IFT\P2005-070 IFE Plant: concept for target handoff to injector Mechanical handling Reciprocating push rod every 0.2 sec (vertical injection) Rotating disk through bed Issues: – Target coating damage in rotary tray (gas jets…) Allowable transfer times from layering to injection: Rotary air bearing Reciprocating push rod Cryolayered targets in staging bed Target temp.16K12K Temp. gradient100mK He-3 build-up1 day Max. DT offset1% Transfer time18 sec4.4 min Ø 320 mm Ron Petzoldt’s talk

4. IFT\P2005-070 Demo: show feasibility of layering in fluidized bed with hydrogen isotopes ParameterIFE Plant Demo (MPLX) Target diameter4 mm Settled bed height44 mm Fluidized bed expansion22 He (g) pressure, levitating380 torr Inner DT/D2 surface temp. fluctuation <0.003 K Targets per bed65,000700 Bed diameter320 mm34 mm Operating Temperature16 - 19.7 K~16 K Helium velocity133 cm/s150 cm/s  T across bed (  /IR) 0.054 K0.067 K Surrogate testing done with neopentyl alcohol On to hydrogen testing…. – Fill/Layer only – T-averaged isothermal environment (0.27 sec mean circulation time) inject IR cold helium After Ref: Alexander, Goodin, HAPL, 9/2003

5. IFT\P2005-070 basket Beginning steps in the Demo Fill/Layer batch process 1. Load basket with 700 dry capsules  vacuum pump 2.Load basket into permeation cell  lock 3.Raise P to ~1,000 atm D 2 @ room temp  fill 4.Cooldown to <20K  remove excess D 2 5.Open permeation cell permeation cell basket

6. IFT\P2005-070 6.Transfer basket from permeation cell to fluidized bed using a manipulator manipulator 7.Seal bed, fluidize, and layer 8.Isolate target for characterization Fluidized bed Target isolation Final steps in the Demo Fill/Layer batch process arm extended arm retracted basket

7. IFT\P2005-070 Hardware progressing for H/D demonstration Mass Production Layering Experiment (MPLX) Cryogenic circulator – Development work completed 2 Sumitomo cryocoolers MPLX vessels, piping, etc. – preparing for fabrication Layering components – permeation cell – remote handling manipulator – fluidized bed – characterization 3.84 m (12.6 ft) 3.05 m (10.0 ft) Helium Circulator Heat Exchangers On Cryocoolers Layering components

8. IFT\P2005-070 In-house MPLX major components Cryocooler and its compressor (1 of 2) Helium Circulator Permeation cell In-house LANL

9. IFT\P2005-070 Demo proven hardware - plus new designs Permeation cell – design complete and proven- used on D2TS, OMEGA Manipulator Fluidized bed – designed for fluidized or stationary bed operation – provisions for IR heat and alpha sources in helium loop – demonstrate time-averaged isothermal layering environment ( target circulation time = 0.27 sec) Characterization – shadowography as baseline – others possible…

10. IFT\P2005-070 Demo: current status and near-term plans… Major MPLX cryogenic components in-house MPLX basic vacuum and process flow hardware starting fabrication - delivery February 2006 Ongoing hardware development: – Fluidized bed seal (optimize seal mat’l/size/shape & drive) – Remote handled manipulator testing (actuation & gripper arm) – Additional characterization methods to be examined Demo Objective: fill with hydrogen, layer, and characterize HAPL-sized capsules in a time-avg’d isothermal temperature environment

11. IFT\P2005-070 Backup viewgraph Backup slide - advanced handoff concept

12. IFT\P2005-070 IFE Plant: advanced concept for target handoff Quadrupole Levitation Ion beam to charge layered targets Linear rail quadrupole levitator Segmented rail electrodes w/ 3  transport field Issues: – 1/2 atm to millitorr region – He-3 decay  charged targets Test only with DT vertical quadrupole levitation and transport segmented rails ion beam gun optical tracker Ref: C.D. Hendricks, LLNL, 10/1981 C.D. Hendricks and W.L. Johnson, LLNL, 5/1979