1. Principles of Psychology September 25, 2008

2. Stimulation Stimulation Socialization Socialization Identity Identity Control Control

3. Stimulation When people are stimulated, they are more alert, more creative and more productive. When people are stimulated, they are more alert, more creative and more productive. stimulated The state of arousal is a state. It does not have to be caused by the work at hand. The state of arousal is a state. It does not have to be caused by the work at hand.

4. Stimulation People are stimulated by an environment which is interesting, varying, changing. People are stimulated by an environment which is interesting, varying, changing.

5. Changes can be made by regular revision (such as changing pictures on the walls). You can change the color, You can change the color, texture, etc Curves and changing light Curves and changing light

6. Other people are stimulating in their conversation and actions

7. Stimulation can be over-done, causing shock or confusion Too sudden or changes with too much contrast. Too sudden or changes with too much contrast. Too bright or too many colors. Too bright or too many colors. Too many angles or changes in direction. Too many angles or changes in direction.

8. Socialization Socialization in the study of animal and human behavior is the process by which human beings or animals learn to adopt the behavior patterns of the community in which they live. Socialization in the study of animal and human behavior is the process by which human beings or animals learn to adopt the behavior patterns of the community in which they live. human beingsanimalsbehaviorcommunity human beingsanimalsbehaviorcommunity

9. For both humans and animals, this is typically thought to occur during the early stages of life, during which individuals develop the skills and knowledge necessary to function within their culture and environment. For both humans and animals, this is typically thought to occur during the early stages of life, during which individuals develop the skills and knowledge necessary to function within their culture and environment. early stages of lifeindividualsculture environment early stages of lifeindividualsculture environment

10. However, this also includes adult individuals moving into an environment significantly different from one(s) in which they have previously lived and must thus learn a new set of behaviors. However, this also includes adult individuals moving into an environment significantly different from one(s) in which they have previously lived and must thus learn a new set of behaviors.

11. SOCILIZATION We have a strong need for a sense of belonging. We have a strong need for a sense of belonging.belonging This is a reason some people get depressed when they are alone for a long period of time This is a reason some people get depressed when they are alone for a long period of time

12. Ways to Belong on the down low Sitting near them. Sitting near them. Being able to look at one another. Being able to look at one another. Receiving the same benefits and services. Receiving the same benefits and services. Being in the same area as others, listening to people talk Being in the same area as others, listening to people talk

13. Other, more obvious, ways to belong Join a team Join a team Join an organization Join an organization Take classes Take classes Book Club Book Club

14. Most common form of Socialization - TALKING Face to Face is the most powerful Face to Face is the most powerful

15. Indirect communication Body Language Body Language Technology – Text, email, page, etc… Technology – Text, email, page, etc… Written Written

16. We will initiate conversation only if we feel sufficiently safe and uninhibited – with friends, family We will initiate conversation only if we feel sufficiently safe and uninhibited – with friends, family If we feel fear – less likely to initiate conversation or talk to strangers - why internet dating is so popular If we feel fear – less likely to initiate conversation or talk to strangers - why internet dating is so popular

17. IDENTITY an individual's comprehension of him or herself as a discrete, separate entity an individual's comprehension of him or herself as a discrete, separate entity INDIVIDUALISM INDIVIDUALISM WHO WE ARE WHO WE ARE

18. ERIK ERIKSON Erik Erikson was one of the earliest psychologist s to be explicitly interested in identity Erik Erikson was one of the earliest psychologist s to be explicitly interested in identity Erik Erikson Erik Erikson

19. Continuity When change occurs continuously over time When change occurs continuously over time

20. EGO the “self” personal idiosyncrasies (characteristic, habit, mannerism) that separate one person from the next personal idiosyncrasies (characteristic, habit, mannerism) that separate one person from the next collection of social roles that a person might play collection of social roles that a person might play

21. two areas of interest “I” “I” active aspect of the person active aspect of the person We are not automatons. We do not blindly follow rules. We construct a response on the basis of what we have learned, the 'me'. We are not automatons. We do not blindly follow rules. We construct a response on the basis of what we have learned, the 'me'. “ME” “ME” socialized aspect of the person socialized aspect of the person It is what is learned in interaction with others and (more generally) with the environment It is what is learned in interaction with others and (more generally) with the environment

22. “ME” This includes both knowledge about that environment (including society), but also about who he or she is: his or her 'sense of self'. This includes both knowledge about that environment (including society), but also about who he or she is: his or her 'sense of self'.

23. ME This is because the person learns to see who he or she is (man or woman, old or young, etc.) by observing the responses of others to himself/herself or his/her actions. This is because the person learns to see who he or she is (man or woman, old or young, etc.) by observing the responses of others to himself/herself or his/her actions. If others respond to the person as (for instance) a woman, the person develops a sense of herself indeed as a woman. If others respond to the person as (for instance) a woman, the person develops a sense of herself indeed as a woman.

24. I + ME = SELF Taken together, the 'I' and the 'me' form the person or the 'self' Taken together, the 'I' and the 'me' form the person or the 'self'

25. Control We have a fundamental need for a sense of control sense of controlsense of control Choice – if we have a choice, we are more likely to become more active

26. Drawback of choices Too many choices, however, causes confusion and uncertainty, decreasing our sense of control. Too many choices, however, causes confusion and uncertainty, decreasing our sense of control. For some, 2 choices is too many, others can handle more choices For some, 2 choices is too many, others can handle more choices

27. Control is increased by certainty, completion, predictability

28. QUIZ TOMORROW Review the 4 principles of Psychology Review the 4 principles of Psychology You will not be able to use notes You will not be able to use notes This will be an individual assignment. This will be an individual assignment. Your folders are due tomorrow with all notes. Your folders are due tomorrow with all notes.