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Published byJonas Bryan Modified over 8 years ago
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◦ A change in state from a solid to a liquid occurring at a specific temperature
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◦ At its melting point, the particles that make up the solid are vibrating so fast that they break free from their fixed positions ( the particles gain energy)
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The change of state from a liquid to a solid
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◦ The particles of a liquid are moving so slowly that they begin to form a regular pattern. ( the particles lose energy)
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The change from a liquid to a gas
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The particles in the liquid gain enough energy to form a gas
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Vaporization that takes place only on the surface of the liquid Added energy enables some of the molecules on the surface to escape into the air
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Occurs when a liquid changes to a gas below the surface. You see bubbles
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◦ Temperature in which a liquid bubbles is called its boiling point
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The boiling point of a substance depends on the pressure of the air above it
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◦ The lower the pressure the less energy needed for the particles to escape into the air.
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◦ Increase elevation decrease the pressure
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◦ When a gas changes into a liquid ◦ Occurs when particles lose enough thermal energy to form a liquid.
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Occurs when the surface particles of a solid gain enough energy that they form a gas. During sublimation, particles of a solid do not pass through a liquid state as they form a gas
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(eg) Dry Ice: IS solid carbon dioxide. At ordinary atmosphere pressures CO₂ cannot exist as a liquid. As the CO₂ gains thermal energy it turns into a gas. This gas cools the water vapor around it, turning it into a liquid. That’s why dry ice forms a fog around it.
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