1. INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF AIR SAFETY INVESTIGATORS RESPONDER HAZARDS

2. Beware of propellers!! Piston powered aircraft are similar to motorcycles They do not need electrical energy to start Even with switches off the engine may start

3. RESPONDER HAZARDS Assume that accidents involving agricultural aircraft (crop dusters) and other types of aircraft will have HAZMAT present Cover your nose and mouth with a cloth if rescuing the occupants

4. Use of SCBA may be warranted

5. RESPONDER HAZARDS Responders should be aware that HAZMAT can also be present in the aircraft structure, including: Pressurized cylinders, oxygen bottles and actuators Annular Space after rupture

6. RESPONDER HAZARDS As with normal vehicular accidents, overheated brakes and inflated tires can also be a hazard

7. RESPONDER HAZARDS Metals including structural alloys and their oxides will also pose a hazard when exposed to fire

8. RESPONDER HAZARDS Beryllium oxides will also be present if the aircraft has been exposed to fire. Beryllium is used in hundreds of components and its oxides are 20 times more toxic than arsenic Plastics such as viton which contain fluorine when exposed to fire will produce hydrofluoric acid

9. RESPONDER HAZARDS In fires with low oxygen content carbon fiber composites (CFCs) will be present

10. RESPONDER HAZARDS CFCs can range in size from airborne dust which can be inhaled, to splinters Note: Carbon fiber will conduct electricity and may effect power generating equipment and portable lighting

11. RESPONDER HAZARDS Radioactive hazards may be on site as part of the aircrafts systems or cargo

12. RESPONDER HAZARDS Uranium 235 and 238 coated with cadmium are used as balance weights and in the leading edges of control surfaces on some large aircraft Damage can occur during the accident sequence and weights may break loose from their mountings Interaction with concrete may cause sparking

13. RESPONDER HAZARDS Thorium 232 alloyed with magnesium is used in gearboxes

14. RESPONDER HAZARDS Tritium gas is used in some emergency exit light applications (Beta lights) If damaged small amounts of tritiated water may be released

15. Beware of electrical hazards including downed power lines. Do not approach until power has been turned off

16. RESPONDER HAZARDS Lead Acid, Nickel Cadmium and Lithium batteries will also be present Hazards range from electrical shock to absorption and inhalation hazards

17. RESPONDER HAZARDS Strobe light units can also be on site Sufficient energy can be stored to injure and or kill the would be rescuer Do not touch or handle these units

18. RESPONDER HAZARDS Non Volatile Memory (NVM) will also be present in new generation avionics and aircraft Do not touch anything that looks like a circuit board! Not a hazard to the responder, but to the investigation !

19. RESPONDER HAZARDS As with other types of vehicular accidents blood borne pathogens may be present

20. RESPONDER HAZARDS Use universal precautions Hepatitis B can survive on site up to in ideal conditions up to one week HIV can survive in aqueous (pooled) blood or body fluids for 7-10 days