1. The Scalp BY: DR. Yahya h. Alfarra

2. The Scalp Definition layers Muscle of scalp nerve supply of scalp Arterial supply of scalp Veins of scalp

3. The scalp فروه الرأس Definision: the tissue covering the skull which is formed of multiple layers.

4. Extention: eye brows (ant), highest nuchal line(post) temporal lines(laterally). Note: To assist one in memorizing the names of the five layers of the scalp, use each letter of the word SCALP to denote the layer of the scalp.

5. Layers 1- SkinSkin 2- Connective tissue 3- AponeurosisAponeurosis Note: Epicranial aponeurosis=occipitofrontalis Muscle+ the galea aponeurotica Epicranial aponeurosis=occipitofrontalis Muscle+ the galea aponeurotica. 4- Loose connective tissueLoose connective tissue 5- PeriosteumPeriosteum Note: - the superficial 3 layers are firmly united to each other and move as one layer.

7. 1-skin

8. 2- conective tissue

9. 3- Aponeurosis,(epicranial)Aponeurosis,(epicranial)

10. 4-Loose connective tissueLoose connective tissue

11. 5-PeriosteumPeriosteum

12. Muscles of the scalp Occipitofrontalis muscle: formed of 4 bellies 2 occipital bellies (behind), 2 frontal bellies (infront) and the galea aponeurotica. between the frontal & occipital bellies. the galea aponeurotica

13. **2 frontal bellies: lies anteriorly origin: from epicranial aponeurosis Insertion: into skin of forehead **2 occipital bellies: lies posteriorly origin: from highest nuchal lines insertion: into epicranial aponeurosis

14. nerve supply: facial nerve (temporal & post. Auricular branches) Action: elevation of the eyebrows (surprise).

15. 5 Nerves in front of auricle : 4 sensory + 1 motor 5 Nerves behind of auricle : 4 sensory + 1 motor Nerves of the scalp

17. 5 artries enter the scalp on each side: 3 infront of auricle & 2 behind the auricle Arterial supply of the scalp

18. Supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries (from ophthalmic arteries ) Superficial temporal artery (terminal branch of ECA) Posterior auricualr artery (ECA) Occipitral artery (ECA)

20. Supratrochlear + supraorbital viens facial vien * Superficial temporal + maxillary vien retromandibualr vien * Post. Auricualr vien + post. Division of retromandibualr vien external jugualr vien *The Occipital vien. Viens of the scalp

23. Thank you very much textbook