2. hypothesis question Scientists use experiments to test a hypothesis or answer a question

3. Observations Observations: eventsDescription of objects, events May include data from all five senses (touch/texture, smell, taste, sight, sound) Could be drawings, diagrams, written words opinionsDo not include opinions.

4. Observations Observations: QuaLitative: description written in words (Letters) –five senses (touch/texture, smell, taste, sight, sound) QuaNtitative: description using Numbers –Measurements using measuring tools or counting

5. Inferences conclusionsDrawing conclusions based on observations reasonOften provide a reason for the event/object being observed.

7. There are two groups in a controlled experiment: Control Group 1) Control Group: the part of the experiment that is left alone or “natural”. Used to compare back to.

8. There are two groups in a controlled experiment: Experimental Group: 2) Experimental Group: the part of the experiment in which a factor or variable is changed.

9. Variables are parts of an experiment

10. Independent (manipulated) variable: Independent (manipulated) variable: tested by the scientistfactors or categories in an experiment that are tested by the scientist. ONE **Good experiments have only ONE independent variable.

11. Dependent (responding) variable: measuring as a result of the ind. variable..the factor that you are measuring as a result of the ind. variable.

12. Controlled variables (constants): kept the same for every category factors in an experiment that are kept the same for every category.

14. Parts of an Experiment QUESTION/PROBLEM What question is being answered, problem solved, or hypothesis tested. For example, “What affects the cohesion of water on a penny?”

15. Hypothesis An “if…then…because” statement describing your expected results. Always support your idea with a reason! –If = independent variable –Then = dependent variable –Because = scientific reason Parts of an Experiment

16. Procedure and materials: Items used during the experiment. What would we need for the penny experiment? Write yours down… Parts of an Experiment

17. Procedures Procedures: Steps followed during experiment. –Write in a numbered list –Should be detailed enough that anyone can follow exactly what you did. –How many times are you going to do the experiment? It should be written here! Parts of an Experiment

18. Observations/Data: All the measurements gathered while performing the experiment. Always record in a pre-made data table. Now, do the experiment! Record your data in the table. Parts of an Experiment

19. Results/Conclusions: Analyze your data to determine the final outcome of the experiment What do you NOW believe as a result of the experiment or observations? Restate your hypothesis (or at least relate your findings to it) Support your claim with at least 2 pieces of data Use good explanatory language Parts of an Experiment

20. Share your results: Publish your findings so that others may benefit from your work. Parts of an Experiment