1. Created by: Arlene Barrett, Dennis Bratton, Mariah Gumphry, Haley Vrazel The Ruminant Digestive System (Day 3)

2. Objectives Compare the last two components of ruminant animals. Analyze the importance of small and large intestines for ruminant animals.

3. Ruminant Digestive Systems Omasum - section that is round and muscul ar. “ Grinds” the food material and prepares the food material for chemical breakdown. Has many folds in its lining, often said to look like the pages of a book Reduces particle size of digesta even further Some absorption starts to take place here

4. Omasum - full

5. Ruminant Digestive Systems Abomasum - very similar to the stomach of non- ruminants. this is where the majority of chemical breakdown of food material occurs. The “true stomach” of the ruminant animal Enzyme secretion takes place here Acts like a monogastric stomach Produces HCl, Pepsinogen/pepsin for digestion Also produces lipase in early stages of life Also produces mucus for protection

6. Abomasum – inside view

7. Ruminant Digestive Systems Small Intestine - where most of the food material is absorbed into the bloodstream Contains three sections: duodenum jejunum ileum

8. Ruminant Digestive Systems The food material is continually squeezed as it is moved through the small intestine, becoming more solid. The majority of the food material absorption occurs in the duodenum and the jejunum.

9. Ruminant Digestive Systems Large Intestine - begins to prepare unused food material for removal from the body a portion of the large intestine in some animals contain pouches that may contain enzymes for further species-specific digestion (horses and rabbits (cecum)).

10. Ruminant Digestive Systems Colon - collects the unused food material that is to be removed from the body Rectum - “poop chute” Anus - opening through which the waste is removed. Controlled by sphincter muscles, that also help protect the opening.

11. Review Compare the last two components of ruminant animals. Analyze the importance of small and large intestines for ruminant animals.

12. Reources Resources: Rakowitz-McMillian Sam Houston State University Animal Science Note Packet