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1 Natalizumab Safety Gordon Francis, MD Senior Vice President, Clinical Development
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2 Natalizumab Safety Exposure General safety overview Infections Other safety events of interest based on MOA Post-marketing safety during 2nd MS launch in June 2006
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3 Safety Population Clinical Development Program MS Experience Placebo n=1135 Natalizumab n=1617 n=2321 3321 patient-years CD Experience Placebo n=506 Natalizumab n=1182 n=1563 1338 patient-years Cumulative MS and CD 3884 patients 4659 patient-years
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4 CD Studies Used in Safety Analysis Short-term placebo-controlled studies of active CD –Generally 3 months of dosing –>80% of patients were in CD301 and CD307 431 placebo patients and 983 natalizumab patients –The remainder were from the Phase 2 Studies Short and long-term dosing –1563 patients exposed to natalizumab for up to 3 years –Includes placebo-controlled and open-label data
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5 Long-Term Natalizumab Exposure During CD351 During CD351 and Feeder Studies Number of patients1100 Mean number monthly infusions (SD) 11.0 (8.6) 14.8 (10.9) Median812 Range1-241-39
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6 General Safety
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7 Overview of Adverse Events in CD Short-Term, Placebo-Controlled Studies of Active CD Placebo N=506 % Natalizumab N=1182 % AEs85.687.4 Infections36.240.4 SAEs14.014.9 Non-Crohn’s SAEs 7.810.1 Serious infections 2.4 Serious systemic hypersensitivity0 0.1 Malignancy 0.2 0.6
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8 SAEs by Organ System Excluding Crohn’s Disease Placebo-Controlled Studies of Active CD SAE Placebo N=506 % Natalizumab N=1182 % Overall7.810.1 Gastrointestinal2.43.9 Infection2.4 Musculoskeletal0.6 Nervous system0.20.5 General0.80.6 Cardiac00.4 Immune system0.20.4 Hepatobiliary00.4
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9 Placebo N=506 % Natalizumab N=1182 % Total patients discontinued11.39.1 Crohn’s disease7.93.7 Urticaria0.20.8 Abdominal pain0.00.4 Dyspnea0.00.3 Flushing0.00.3 Nausea0.20.3 Pruritus0.20.3 Discontinuations Due to AEs Short-Term Placebo-Controlled Studies of Active CD
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10 Deaths in CD Program Placebo-Controlled Experience Age/GenderCause of DeathInfusion # Mo. Since Infusion Medications/ Relevant History 42/MAsphyxiation1—None Open-Label Experience Age/GenderCause of DeathInfusion# Mo. Since Infusion Medications/ Relevant History 49/FPeritonitis, renal failure 31Post-op complications 60/MPML86AZA, lymphopenia 75/MPulmonary aspergillosis 103Prednisolone, GI bleed, hospitalization 67/MMI, shock282Hypertension 69/MPCP343Cirrhosis, ARF, sepsis
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11 Infections General overview of infections –Serious –Risk of infection over time –Infection with concomitant medication use –Viral reactivation Herpes family –Opportunistic infections, including PML
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12 Serious Infections Short-Term Placebo-Controlled Studies of Active CD Placebo N=506 % Natalizumab N=1182 % Overall2.4 Perianal abscess0.6 Abdominal abscess0.20.3 Gastroenteritis0.2 Meningitis viral00.2 Urinary tract infection00.2 Individual events only listed for serious infections occurring in ≥ 2 natalizumab-treated patients
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13 Incidence and Rate of Infection Over Time Short- and Long-Term Dosing Time interval (months) 0-6 n=1563 7-12 n=681 13-18 n=529 19-24 n=427 25-30 n=294 Incidence (%)48.948.042.038.228.9 Exposure (person-years) 739307241198122 Rate of infection per person-year 1.8 1.41.20.9 Most common infections – nasopharyngitis, influenza, URTI, sinusitis, viral infection
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14 Rate of Serious Infection Over Time Short- and Long-Term Dosing Serious Infection Rate (95% CI) 0-66-1212-1818-2424-31 0.00 n=1563 Months 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 n=681n=427n=294n=509
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15 Incidence of Infection with Concomitant Medication Placebo-Controlled Studies in Active CD Patients With an Infection (%) 0 10 20 30 40 50 n=340 39 n=264 41 n=373 41 n=205 40 Natalizumab alone Natalizumab + immunosuppressants and steroids Natalizumab + steroids Natalizumab + immunosuppressants
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16 Serious Infections with Concomitant Medication Use Short-Term, Placebo-Controlled Studies of Active CD n Placebo/ Natalizumab Placebo % Natalizumab % Monotherapy154/3731.31.9 + Immunosuppressants89/2051.13.9 + Steroids154/3401.32.6 + IS + Steroids109/2646.41.9 IS=Immunosuppressants
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17 Incidence of Herpetic Infections Short-term Placebo-Controlled Studies of Active CD Placebo n=506 Natalizumab n=1182 Total patients with herpes infections6(1.2)20(1.7) Herpes simplex4 (0.8) 15(1.3) Herpes zoster1 (0.2) 4(0.3) Herpes viral infection NOS01(<0.1) CMV infection (colitis)01(<0.1) Number (%) of Patients
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18 Summary of Serious Herpes Infections Short- and Long-term CD Population Patients Age/Gender Infection TypeInfusion# Meds/ Relevant Hx Outcome 36/FHSV Vaginitis0Developed pre-treatment Acyclovir, recovered 12/MHerpes zoster1Developed pre-treatment Acyclovir, recovered 33/FCMV colitis2 AZARecovered 33/MCMV infection1 6MPRecovered 30/FVaricella pneumonia8Son with chicken pox Acyclovir, recovered 25/MHerpes zoster14Prednisolone, AZAAcyclovir, recovered
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19 Opportunistic and Atypical Infections
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20 Opportunistic Infections Cumulative CD Experience Patient Age/Gender Infection TypeInfusion# Meds/ Medical Hx Outcome 62/FBurkholderia cepacia pneumonia 3Tobacco use, CHF, steroids Recovered 65/FMAC infection8Steroids / S.aureus pneumonia Recovered 60/MPML 8 AZA / lymphopeniaDeath 75/MPulmonary aspergillosis 10 Steroids / GI bleed, prolonged hospitalization Death 69/MPCP34 Cirrhosis, ARF, sepsisDeath
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21 Serious Atypical Infections Cumulative CD Experience Age/ Gender Infection Type Infusion # Months since last Infusion Meds/ Medical Hx Outcome 33/F CMV Colitis 21AzathioprineRecovered 33/MCMV Infection166MPRecovered 48/FCandida Sepsis 14Steroids, azathioprine/multi-organ failure Recovered 30/FVaricella pneumonia 8—Son with chicken-poxRecovered 32/MCavitating pneumonia 13—Azathioprine, corticosteroids Recovered 20/MTb Peritonitis225Caseating granuloma; AFB, PCR, culture neg Recovered
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22 Rate of Non-PML Opportunistic Infections in CD Rate/1000 pt-yrs Unique opportunistic infections0.6* Opportunistic infections seen in CD patients on conventional therapies or TNF- Inhibitors 0.3-0.5** Opportunistic infections seen in CD patients not on therapy 0.06-0.2** **Health Benchmarks International database * Based on 1771 patient-years
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23 PML in Natalizumab-Treated Patients A total of 3 confirmed cases of PML –2 MS patients after 29 and 37 infusions Both received IFNβ concurrently –1 CD patient after 8 infusions over 18 months Long-standing Grade 3 lymphopenia 2 cases fatal, 1 survived following development of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS)
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24 Overview of PML Rare, progressive infection of the CNS –Often fatal within 6 months of diagnosis JC virus, a latent human polyomavirus, produces lytic infection of oligodendroglia as the final step in multi-step process Primarily affects immunocompromised individuals –Hematologic malignancies –AIDS patients –Organ transplantation Therapy –No effective therapy –Improvement seen with IRIS (immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome) seen in HIV-related PML with HAART or in transplant- related PML with reduction of immune suppressants
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25 PML in Crohn’s Patient 60-year-old male with Crohn’s disease for 28 years –History of treatment with azathioprine, corticosteroids, infliximab –Longstanding lymphopenia (<500) –Natalizumab dosing over 18 months 3 doses of natalizumab + azathioprine (CD301) 9 doses of placebo + azathioprine (CD303) 5 doses of natalizumab ending in June 2003 (CD351) –Pathological diagnosis of astrocytoma in July 2003 –Progressive worsening leading to death in December 2003 –Pathology reassessment in March 2005: diagnosis of PML
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26 Independent PML Safety Evaluation All dosing suspended 28 February 2005 Objectives of safety evaluation –Determine if additional patients had undiagnosed PML or other atypical infections 3819 MS, CD and RA patients eligible for the evaluation Vital status confirmed in >99% 90% of natalizumab-treated patients participated –Neurological examination, brain MRI, JCV in plasma and CSF No new cases of PML
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27 Options for PML Monitoring JC viral DNA in plasma –0/10 patients with JCV detected in blood had MRI or clinical findings suggestive of PML –Only 1/3 PML cases had JCV in blood pre-symptomatically –Sensitivity and predictive value of JCV testing is low MRI brain scans –Sensitive but not specific –Large numbers of scans needed to pre-symptomatically detect rare event –Helpful diagnostically but not as a practical PML screening test Clinical vigilance –Patient and healthcare provider education –Monthly pre-infusion questions
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28 Other Safety Events of Interest Infusion Reactions Malignancy Post-Marketing Safety
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29 Hypersensitivity and Infusion Reactions – CD 3.5% of patients in CD301 and 307 experienced hypersensitivity reactions* frequently associated with antibody formation, usually with 2nd or 3rd infusion Serious systemic hypersensitivity reactions –In short-term studies 0.1% natalizumab –In short- and long-term dosing population 0.1% natalizumab * Hypersensitivity, urticaria, anaphylaxis, pruritus.
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30 Malignancy
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31 Event Placebo N=506 Natalizumab N=1182 Overall n (%)1 (0.2)7 (0.6) n Adenocarcinoma of lung02 Bladder cancer01 Breast cancer01 Breast cancer invasive01 Colon cancer01 Malignant melanoma01 Uterine cancer1 0 Rate per 100 person-years: 0.60 for placebo; 1.6 for natalizumab Malignancy Short-Term Placebo-Controlled Studies of Active CD
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32 Summary of Safety in Clinical Development Common adverse events were comparable between treatment groups and generally mild Proportions of patients experiencing SAEs comparable Infections slightly more common with natalizumab Low rate of HS reactions Risk of opportunistic infection exists Possible signal for malignancy that requires post-marketing surveillance measures
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33 Post-Marketing Safety
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34 Post-Marketing Safety Data ~11,500 MS patients world-wide have received natalizumab commercially between June 2006 and May 2007 Serious infections –Reporting rate = 1.2% (comparable to clinical trials 2.6-3.2%) –Urinary and pulmonary infections most common (0.3%) –4 cases of atypical herpes infections Encephalitis, meningitis during 1st launch Multidermatomal zoster and HSV1 esophagitis, considered as OIs during 2nd launch Serious herpes infections in label Serious hepatic dysfunction –4 cases with marked elevation of LFTs, including bilirubin in 3 of 4 cases –Potential confounding factors – evaluation continuing –No signal seen in clinical development (adverse events or LFT abnormalities)
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35 Post-Marketing Safety Data Malignancy –Reporting rate = 6.1/1000 patient years (comparable to clinical trials (3.8-7.3) and SEER database (5.0)) Hypersensitivity reactions more common in those previously dosed than those naïve to therapy –Label change being implemented to highlight this for practitioners 2 cases of atypical herpes infection reported –Multi-dermatomal herpes zoster, HSV esophagitis No new confirmed case of PML No change in safety profile of natalizumab in post- marketing setting compared with clinical trials
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36 Favorable Benefit-Risk Profile Efficacy for inducing and maintaining response and remission –Benefit consistent in broad range of subgroups Safety profile comparable to that seen in MS indication apart from potential increased risk of non-PML opportunistic infections RiskMAP in place for MS will be adapted for CD to further evaluate long-term risk
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