2.  Continental Army

3.  British Redcoats

4.  The Sides Americans + + Home team advantage + + Will to win + + Defending homeland + + Knew land and terrain + + Good with firearms + + Many owned their own weapons + + Strong leadership — — Lack of experience / Not organized — — Shortage of many and supplies British + +Well-Trained + + Professional + + Experienced + Large Navy + + Support of many colonists — —Far from homes and supplies — —Did not know the land as well as Americans

5.  Fort Ticonderoga Located at the southern end of Lake Champlain, Fort Ticonderoga is strategically located to guard trade in the Hudson River Valley in New York.

6.  Fort Ticonderoga Located at the southern end of Lake Champlain, Fort Ticonderoga is strategically located to guard trade routes in the Hudson River Valley in New York.

7.  Fort Ticonderoga  May 10, 1775, a group of American Patriot forces known as the “Green Mountain Boys” under the command of Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold capture Fort Ticonderoga from the British.  Considered the first victory by the Americans over the British in the Revolution.

8.  Battle of Bunker Hill The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker's Hill The Death of General Warren at the Battle of Bunker's Hill, June 17,1775 by John Trumball

9.  Battle of Bunker Hill  June 17, 1775  1,000 colonial militia under Colonel William Prescott face 2,200 British troops on Breed’s Hill overlooking Boston, Massachusetts  Low on ammunition, Prescott is reported to say “Don’t shoot until you see the whites of their eyes.”  The British launched three assaults on the hill.  The Americans forced to retreat after running our of ammunition.  The British lost 1,000 troops.

10.  Battle of Long Island  Also known as the Battle of Brooklyn Heights  August 27,1776  First major battle after the Declaration of Independence  British forces trap Washington’s Continental Army  Washington able to avoid a disaster  Under the cover of fog and darkness, Washington evacuates his entire army to Manhattan

11.  Trenton  December 26, 1776  Washington’s Army crosses the Delaware River and surprises Hessian mercenaries camped at Trenton.  Complete victory for the Continental Army  Surprising victory inspired soldiers to stay longer and attracted new recruits

12.  Washington Crossing the Delaware  Famous painting by Emanuel Leutze in 1851

13.  Brandywine  September 11, 1777  Also known as the Battle of Brandywine Creek  Near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania  British defeat of American forces eventually leads to British capture of Philadelphia

14.  Saratoga  September 19 and October 7, 1777  British General “Gentleman” John Burgoyne  American commanders: Benedict Arnold and Horatio “Granny” Gates

15.  “Gentleman” John Burgoyne

16.  Burgoyne’s Plan  Travel from North  Meet General Howe’s forces at Albany, New York  Completely cut off New England from the rest of the colonies  Got bogged down in the swamps  Attacked by Patriots along the way

18. Saratoga  Two battles  September 19, 1777— Burgoyne lost two men for every one man the Americans lost  October 7, 1777—Patriot forces under the command of Benedict Arnold defeat Burgoyne’s British troops  Burgoyne forced to retreat  Major turning point in the war  Convinces France to help the American Patriots in the war against England  Why would France be interested in helping the Patriots?