1. Crystal Ehresman

2. Memory is not a unitary phenomenon !

3. Two sides of the same coin… Learning and memory – both are experience-dependent behaviour! Events required: Encoding  Consolidation  Retrieval

4. Model of Memory Turning now to Long-Term Memory Sensory Signals Sensory Memory Short-Term Memory Long-Term Memory ATTENTION REHEARSAL RETRIEVAL

5. 1926-2008 Henry Gustav Molaison The famous H.M.

6. William Beecher Scoville and Brenda Milner J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 12:103-113, 1957

7. Patient H.M. “Loss of Recent Memory After Bilateral Hippocampal Lesions”, Scoville and Milner (1957) onset of epilepsy at age ten, perhaps due to bike accident (wear a helmet!) 1953 - underwent temporal lobectomy to reduce seizure activity

13. After leaving the main highway, we asked for help in locating his house. He promptly and courteously indicated to us several turns, until we arrived at a street that he said was quite familiar to him. At the same time he admitted that were not at the right address. A phone call to his mother revealed that we were on the street where he lived before his operation. With her directions, we made our way to the residential area where H.M. now lives. Milner et al., 1968, pp216-217 Driving with HM

17. Diseases of explict memory 1.Korsakoff’s syndrome 2.Alzheimer’s disease 3.CO poisoning 4.Herpes simplex 5.Schizophrenia 6.Aging

18. Decline in temporal lobe size with age

19. Long-term Memory memory consists of associative networks perhaps mnemonists can create better networks To Kill A Mockingbird

20. Long-term Memory memory consists of associative networks perhaps mnemonists can create better networks To Kill A Mockingbird highschool Mr. Lacey English

21. Long-term Memory memory consists of associative networks perhaps mnemonists can create better networks bird canary chicken mockingbird To Kill A Mockingbird racism highschool Martin Luther King skiing Mr. Lacey English

22. What do you think the brain of someone that has this “super memory” would look like? Long-term Memory

23. What if I told you it looked like this? Long-term Memory Kim Peek

24. Long-term Memory macroencephaly no corpus callosum no anterior/posterior commisure degenerated cerebellum

25. Autism? Motor disturbances Overall I.Q. of 87 despite this, he displays some amazing abilities… Long-term Memory

27. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2T45r5G3kA

28. Explicit Implicit Emotional Memory Short Term Memory