1. Asian Peoples Population, Culture, and Religions

2. Asian Population 4 billion people

5. Asian Cities

6. Major Language Families Sino-Tibetan –Chinese, Tibetan, Tai, etc. Altaic –Japanese, Korean, Mongolian, Uighur, etc. Mon-Khmer –Khmer, Vietnamese, etc. Indonesian & Malay

9. Asian Religions Buddhism Confucianism (?) Hinduism Islam Daoism (Taoism, or ``The Way”)

10. Buddhism The ``Buddha” (the Enlightened One) taught in northern India in 6th century, B.C. Desire is the root of unhappiness in human life There are ways to achieve illumination Meditation and compassion for all sentient beings

11. Migration of Buddhism Hinayana (Theravada, ``Small vehicle”) –Sri Lanka and, across the Bay of Bengal, what are now Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, and Indonesia Mahayana (``Large vehicle”) –China, Korea, Japan, and what we now call Vietnam

12. Theravada

13. In Cambodia,...

14. Indonesia,...

15. … and Myanmar

16. Mahayana

17. In China...

18. Tibet...

19. Korea...

20. … and Japan … (Zen)

21. Confucianism Confucius (551 - 479 B.C.) late Zhou dynasty

22. Not exactly a religion Concerned primarily with restoring social stability and order a system of social and ethical philosophy rather than a religion li (rituals, norms, institutions, or mores) ren (humaneness, kindness, benevolence, or virtue)

23. Li and Ren Li: affirmation of accepted values and norms of behavior in primary social institutions and basic human relationships Ren: the relationship between "two persons," or co-humanity - the potential to live together humanely Atheist: no god or a far-off heavenly realm

24. Spread of Confucianism East Asia –promoted by rulers –reinforced by examination system Southeast Asia –overseas Chinese

25. In today’s China

26. ``Asian Values” Cultural explanation for the economic boom of the Newly Industrialized Economies (NIE’s) of Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore, and Hong Kong (the ``Four Small Dragons”) High savings rate, strong work ethic, respect for authority & education, etc.

27. Interpreted by politicians Singapore: Lee Kuan Yew Malaysia: Mahathir