1. Area of Focus: M a g n i f i c a t i o n Area of Focus: M a g n i f i c a t i o n Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

2. Magnification: The act of expanding something in apparent size. Magnification: The act of expanding something in apparent size. The object doesn’t change in size. The object doesn’t change in size. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

3. Magnification: The act of expanding something in apparent size. Magnification: The act of expanding something in apparent size. The object doesn’t change in size. The object doesn’t change in size. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

4. The following slides will show some of the various applications of magnification. The following slides will show some of the various applications of magnification. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

5. To help us see smaller things in science class. (Education) To help us see smaller things in science class. (Education) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

6. To see the very small (Scientific) To see the very small (Scientific) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

7. Surgical and medical applications. Surgical and medical applications. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

8. Crime investigation Crime investigation Two different bullets shot from the same gun shown below. Two different bullets shot from the same gun shown below. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

9. Crime investigation Crime investigation Two different bullets shot from the same gun shown below. Two different bullets shot from the same gun shown below. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

10. Military use. Military use. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

11. Microscopes work by REFRACTING or bending light rays and focusing them through one or more lenses to form an image of that object. Microscopes work by REFRACTING or bending light rays and focusing them through one or more lenses to form an image of that object. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

12. Different Types of Microscopes

13. Compound Light Microscope Allows us to view images up to 1,000x their original size! Allows us to view images up to 1,000x their original size! Place specimen on a slide and use the objective lenses to magnify the image. Place specimen on a slide and use the objective lenses to magnify the image.

14. Stained Cells under LO power

15. Cheek Cell under HI power

16. Stereomicroscope (Dissecting Scope) Magnifies the image up to 30x (LOW magnification). Magnifies the image up to 30x (LOW magnification). Place specimen under the lens and focus to observe. Place specimen under the lens and focus to observe. Works well for larger specimens- too big for the compound microscope Works well for larger specimens- too big for the compound microscope

17. Electron Microscopes Uses beams of electrons to magnify images up to 1,000,000x Uses beams of electrons to magnify images up to 1,000,000x Gives very clear resolution Gives very clear resolution Very expensive! Very expensive!

18. Scanning Electron Microscope Gives the image of the surface of an object at relatively low magnification, but extremely sharp detail! Gives the image of the surface of an object at relatively low magnification, but extremely sharp detail!

19. Transmission Electron Microscope The object must be thinly sliced, but magnification can be to the nanometer. (Think virus particles, DNA molecule, cell organelles.) The object must be thinly sliced, but magnification can be to the nanometer. (Think virus particles, DNA molecule, cell organelles.)

20. Concepts of Microscopy

21. Magnification The degree to which the image of a specimen is enlarged. The degree to which the image of a specimen is enlarged. Example) 40x, 100x, 400x for our Compound light microscopes. Example) 40x, 100x, 400x for our Compound light microscopes.

22. Determining Total Magnification The power of magnification is determined by multiplying the power of the eyepiece times the objective lens. The power of magnification is determined by multiplying the power of the eyepiece times the objective lens.

23. Resolution How well specimen detail is preserved during the magnifying process. How well specimen detail is preserved during the magnifying process.

24. Contrast The ability to see specimen detail against its background. The ability to see specimen detail against its background. Stains and Dyes are added to sections of specimens to increase contrast. Stains and Dyes are added to sections of specimens to increase contrast.