1. Road to Discovery Microscope Timeline

2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) Dutch Scientist –Psst – this means he’s from Holland Hobby of grinding very small magnifying glasses 1 st person to see “animalcules” –Single celled organisms

3. Anton van Leeuwenhoek Created the first known microscope –Using the tiny lenses –Magnify 300X (times) Discovered a “microscopic world” –Red blood cells –Pond water “beasties” –Muscle fibres

4. Robert Hooke (1635-1703) Scientist from England Produced a simple microscope –Similar set to modern microscopes –Built a microscope and viewed a thin slice of cork

5. Saw tiny compartments within the cork Reminded him of the Latin term “Cell” –Means “little rooms”

6. Matthias Schleiden & Theodore Schwann German scientists Developed most of Cell Theory A cell is the basic unit of life. Date of Theory: 1839 Matthias Schleiden

7. Rudolf Virchow Scientist from Germany Finalized Cell Theory –1858 –Cells come from previously existing cells Observed cells dividing and reproducing –Mitosis (cell division)

8. Cell Theory 1.All living things are composed of one or more cells. 2.Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all organisms. 3.All cells come from previously existing cells. 4.The activity of an entire organism depends on the total activity of its independent cells.

9. Francesco Redi Scientist from Italy “Maggot Guy” –Maggots come from existing flies Famous Experiment: 1668 –Scientific Process –Disproved Spontaneous Generation

10. Louis Pasteur Scientist from France Disproved Spontaneous Generation Boiling water (chicken broth) Date: 1864 Micro-organisms carried by air particles

11. Modern Compound Light Microscopes This is the type of microscope that the school uses. The best compound light microscopes can magnify up to 2000X.

12. Electron Microscopes 1932 1 st electron microscope built in Germany – 4000X 1938 1 st practical (user friendly) one was built in Canada at the University of Toronto. Modern ones can magnify up to 2,000,000X

13. Electron Microscopes TEM: Transmission Electron Microscope –Must be viewed inside a vaccumn –Can only view very thin slices of dead tissue SEM: Scanning Electron Microscope –Can view the surface of living organisms The Head of an Ant