1. Introduction to Cells How we study cells: Two basic types: microscope
*Transmission (TEM) *Scanning (SEM)
microscope
*Electron microscope
*magnification *resolving power
*Light microscope

2. How we study cells:
Cell fractionation:

3. A view of the cell:
*All cells are membrane bound, possess ribosomes and contain DNA
1. plasma membrane
Red blood cell
outside of cell
inside of cell

4. A view of the cell:
2. All cells possess ribosomes
Large Subunit
Ribosomes
Small Subunit
3. All cells contain DNA
*Two categories of cells: prokaryotic eukaryotic
*Additional components of any cell:
cytoplasm
cytosol

5. A view of the prokaryotic cell:
Kingdom Monera – archaebacteria and eubacteria
*plasma membrane
*ribosomes
*nucleoid
*cell wall
*capsule
*pili

6. A view of the eukaryotic cell:
Elaborately compartmentalized systems
*Generalized animal cell
*Generalized plant cell

7. A view of the eukaryotic cell: nucleus
*nucleolus
chromatin
nucleolus
*chromatin
outer membrane
inner membrane
*nuclear lamina
nuclear lamina
pore complex
nuclear envelope

8. endoplasmic reticulum
A view of the eukaryotic cell:
ribosomes
*free *membrane-bound
endoplasmic reticulum
free
bound
endomembrane system
*vesicles

9. A view of the eukaryotic cell:
endoplasmic reticulum
cisteranl space
cisternae
smooth ER
rough ER

10. Protein Synthesis on the Rough ER

11. transport vesicle from ER
A view of the eukaryotic cell:
Golgi apparatus
cisternae
cis face
transport vesicle from ER
*transport vesicle
trans face

12. A view of the eukaryotic cell:
Lysosome

13. A view of the eukaryotic cell:
Vacuoles
Paramecium - osmoregulation
Review: endomembrane system

14. A view of the eukaryotic cell:
Other membranous organelles:
mitochondria and chloroplasts
*peroxisomes

15. Evolution of Membrane-bound Organelles