1. The Middle and Southern Colonies Chapter 2 Section 4

2. Dutch in the Middle Colonies Middle Colonies: New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. Dutch were the first to come to the middle colonies. Hoped to trade with the Native Americans instead of conquering them. 1625: First trading station at New Amsterdam.

3. New Amsterdam Relied on trade and agriculture to sustain themselves. Diverse population: Dutch, English, French, Swedish, and others. Coexisted peacefully w/religious tolerance

5. End of New Amsterdam In 1664, the English invade and take over New Amsterdam. Renamed New York Without a real chance of defeating the English, the Dutch decided to surrender.

6. Pennsylvania Established in 1681 by William Penn. New land in the Americas as a “holy experiment”. Demanded Religious Tolerance Maintained peace and respected treaties with the Native Americans

7. Pennsylvania Quakers: members of the protestant church who believed all people should be treated equal in the church, society, and government. Pennsylvania as a safe haven for other protestants.

8. The Southern Colonies Southern Colonies: Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia. Proprietary colony: a colony granted by a king or queen to an individual or group with full governing rights.

9. Maryland 1634 as a safe haven for Catholics. Settled by Catholics and Protestants. Maryland Toleration Act - “No one who believed in Jesus would be “anyways troubled”” Economic success from tobacco plantations.

10. The Carolinas Started in 1663. Split into North and South in 1712. Economic success from tobacco and trade with Native Americans.

11. Georgia Set up as proprietary colony. Safe haven for people who had been in jail in England for not paying their debts. Strict rule of law: No alcohol, catholics, or slaves/indentured servants. Eventually change due to economic incentives w/plantations and slavery.