1. 人教修订版 高中一年级 ( 下 ) Unit 20

2. Reading 河北 陈彬

3. Pre-reading 1. Who is the main character in the film? Charlie Chaplin 2. Do you know any comedians both at home and abroad? Please name some.

4. Charlie Chaplin

5. The comic duo of the 1930s “Laurel and Hardy”. The thin one is called Stan Laurel, the stout one Oliver Hardy. They are funny because they are each other’s opposites: one fat and one thin; one is clever and one is silly etc.

6. Although Mr. Rowan Atkinson acts as different comic characters he is most famous around the world as Mr. Bean. Mr. Bean is funny because he makes funny faces, he acts silly, he seems to be quite stupid, and the things he does are strange.

7. Dustin Hoffman in the film Tootsie (1982). In this film Hoffman acts the role of a woman, and many people agree that his performance was so good that you often can’t tell the difference. And in the film of course there are all kinds of funny moments.

8. Ma Ji is a well-known artist of crosstalk shows in China. His numerous crosstalk shows always make his audience shout with laughter.

9. Some other famous comedians in China

12. How many types of humor are introduced in the text? Listen to the tape of the text and answer the question. Listening

13. comedies clowns crosstalk comedians Laughing Matter

14. 1 2 comediesclownscomedians crosstalk Laughing matter 4-5 3

15. 1. How do the writers of comedies often use to make people laugh? Cross-dressing Making fun of …. Telling an amusing story Acting out stereotypes Speaking foreign language with an accent Word play Part Ⅰ Comedies

16. 2. Why is Dustin Hoffman so famous? A. He is famous for his works. B. He is famous for his foreign accent. C. He is famous for his role acting as a woman. D. He is good at playing on words.

17. 3. What techniques are used by the writers of comedies to make the audience laugh? _________. A. Stereotypes of nationalities or people doing certain jobs. B. Word play. C. Cross-dressing way. D. Both A, B and C

18. 4.“Funny plays often have characters that are stereotypes of nationalities or people doing certain jobs.” Which of the following has the same meaning with “character”? A. Mathilde Loisel is one of the characters in the play “The necklace”. B. Chinese character is hard to learn for most of the foreigners. C. His character is different from his wife’s. D. The picture shows us the character of the desert landscape.

19. 1. In what ways do clowns make us laugh? What about comedians? acting _____________________. not using _______________. using ____________________ and _____________________. alone or as a pair any words clothes, make-up the way they walk Part Ⅱ Clowns Clowns make people laugh by

20. 2. What is the writer’s opinion on clowns? _____ A. They would like to reach a wide audience. B. They only have children in mind. C. They are funny not only for children but also for adults. D. They can help people forget their problems for a long time.

21. body language and their face. playing with words. acting out a sketch. Part Ⅲ Comedians Comedians make people laugh by Effect of comedians’ performance on people: Make people not only ______ but also ______________ laugh think about life

22. 1. Comedians are different from clowns because they don’t use body language or facial expressions in their shows. 2. The show of a comedian is more profound ( 深刻的 ) than that of a clown. F T True or False

23. 3. The show of a comedian is more like that of a comedy. 4. The situations comedians act out in their shows just look like comedies. T F

24. playing with words. making many jokes and funny conversations. dressing up a little or acting out small sketches. using rhythm and rhyming words. using tongue twisters. Part Ⅳ Crosstalk Crosstalk shows make people laugh by

25. Consolidation Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the text. Typical for China is ________________, where a pair of comedians __________ the audience with _________. A ________ _____ has two speakers, making many the crosstalk show entertains word play show crosstalk

26. _____ and __________________. They may also _____________ or act out _____________in front of ___________ ________. __________ of all times and many countries ___________________ of this type of comedy. _____________ Qin Dynasty, the traditional shows, or jokesfunny conversations dress up a little small sketches the laughing audience Comedians have a long tradition Dating back to

27. __________ show, have made people all over China roar with _______ for centuries. Chinese crosstalk includes _______ and ______________ as well as _____________,which often make the audience_______. xiangsheng laughter rhythmrhyming words tongue twisters applaud

28. Post-reading 1. How long has the tradition of crosstalk existed in China? The tradition of crosstalk has existed in China for more than 2,000 years.

29. 2. Give three examples of techniques that writers of comedies often use to make people laugh. cross-dressingword playstereotypes 3.Why are some of Shakespeare’s comedies not so funny for us? Some of Shakespeare’s plays are not so funny for us because we don’t

30. understand the language and word play that Shakespeare used. 4. Can you describe a clown in your own words? What does a clown look like? A clown is a funny person, usually dressed up in wide clothes of very bright colors, such as red and yellow. They often

31. wear a big colored wig. Their face is covered with white make-up, and their mouth and eyes are made to look very big using red and other colored make-up. Clowns often have a big red nose. All of their clothes, including their shoes are usually over-sized.

32. 5. Is the show of a comedian more like that of a clown or a comedy? Explain your answer. The show of a comedian is more like a comedy than like a clown. A comedian doesn ’ t wear any of the funny clothes and make-up of clowns. The humor of clowns is often very silly. Clowns often don ’ t

33. speak at all. Their jokes are almost all body language, mime, and silly things like falling down. The comedian, on the other hand uses all the richness of the language to create fun, just as in comedies. In fact, comedians often act out little sketches which make us think of acting on the stage in comedy.

34. 1. Cross-dressing means men dressed up as women and women as men. 2. Word play creates fun by using a word or phrase that has two meanings or words having the same sound but different meanings. T T True or False

35. 3. Shakespeare’s plays are no longer funny because English has greatly changed. 4. Clowns usually make people laugh by what they look and what they do, not by what they say. T T

36. 5. Clothes, body language, facial expressions and word play are all very important in comedians’ shows. 6. As far as we know cross-talk has never been shown by only one comedian or more than two comedians. F F

37. 7. Crosstalk can only be found in China and few foreigners know about this Chinese art form. 8. Fluent spoken Chinese is a must for one who intends to be a crosstalk comedian. F T

38. DISCUSSION Task1: What’s the advantage of humour?

39. Life is a comedy to him who thinks and a tragedy to him who feels. 对善思考者，人生为喜剧；对凭感 觉者，人生为悲剧.

40. 1. Funny plays often have characters that are stereotypes of nationalities or people doing certain jobs. 滑稽戏里常常有某个民族或者某个行业的 典型人物形象。 1) character n. ［ C ］ ( 小说、剧本等中的 ) 人物；杰出人物；知名人物。如： Language study

41. Hamlet is the main character in the play. 哈姆雷特是剧中的主要人物。 He is one of the great characters of the century. 他是本世纪的杰出人物之一。 此外， character 还有 “ 性格，天性； 特征，特色 ” 的意思。如：

42. She has a nice character. 她的性情很好。 He is a man of character. 他是个有品格的人。 the character of a country 那地方的特色

43. 2) certain adj. 某个；某种；某些。常指 尚不明确具体情况或无须明确的某人或某事。 只用作定语，修饰可数名词单数时，前面要 用不定冠词。 如： Just now a certain Mr Li came to see you. 刚才有位李先生来看你。

44. People in certain parts of the world still have not enough to eat. 世界上某些地方的人们仍然吃不饱。 2.The actors make us laugh by making fun of somebody’s way of dressing or telling an amusing story. 表演者通过取笑某人的着装方式、讲述有 趣的故事, 引我们发笑。

45. make fun of 取笑；嘲笑。如： fun 为不可数名词，意为 “ 乐趣；嬉 戏；有趣的事物或人 ” 。如： It’ll be fun to go camping. 去露营会很好玩。 The book is fun to read. 这本书读起来很有趣。

46. I feel rather sad because I am often made fun of in public. 我感到很伤心，因为我常被人当众取笑。 He made fun of the girl because she wore strange shoes. 他嘲弄那个女孩子，因为她穿着奇怪的 鞋子。

47. 3.Today students of English, even if English is their mother tongue, cannot understand his jokes. 今天，学英语的学生，即使英语是他们 的母语，也无法理解他的笑话。 even if 即使；尽管，意思相当于 even though 。如：

48. We’ll go, even if it rains. 即使下雨，我们也要走。 He will come, even if he is ill. 即使病了，他也会来的。 Even though it is hard work, I enjoy it. 尽管很难，我还是喜欢这件事。

49. 该句中 listening and thinking about the comedians’ words 是 -ing 短语作伴随状语， 表示与句子谓语同步的动作。 如： 4. A few minutes later everybody is quiet, listening and thinking about the comedians’ words. 几分钟后，大家都安静下来，听着台词 陷入沉思。

50. The old man sat under a tree, reading a newspaper. 老人坐在树下，读着报纸。 He was staring, thinking. 他在凝视着，思考着。 Singing a pop song in a low voice, the girl came into the yard. 这姑娘低声哼着流行歌曲，走进了院子。

51. 思维拓展： 1) – ing 短语作状语，可表示时间、原因、 结果、条件、行为方式或伴随情况。 Hearing the news, they couldn ’ t help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不 自禁地哭了起来。 时间

52. Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. 因为太生气了， 他不能入睡。 Being given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 如果对这些树再多注意些，它们可能长得 更好。 原因 条件

53. They came into the classroom, singing and dancing. 他们又唱又跳地走进教室。 伴随 The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay. 公共汽车被 暴风雪所阻，因而耽搁了。 结果

54. 5. Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play. 中国喜剧的典型是相声，两个滑稽演员通 过玩弄辞藻来逗乐观众。

55. 这是一个倒装句，其主语是 the crosstalk show ， typical 是形容词作表语。本来的句子 语序为 :The crosstalk show, where…, is typical for China. 由于 show 后面跟一个较长 的非限制性定语从句, 整个句子结构不平衡, 所 以把表语和系动词前置。 如：

56. Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements. Across the square is another building, the one that takes pride of place in the hearts of all Beijingers ––– the Great Hall of the People. Gone forever are the days when Chinese had to use foreign oil.

57. dress up 打扮；装扮；穿上盛装 如： 6. They may also dress up a little or act out small sketches in front of the laughing audience. 他们还可以稍加打扮，在哈哈大笑的观众 面前演出小品。

58. The boy likes dressing up as a policeman. 这孩子喜欢装扮成警察。 We dressed up for the wedding. 我们为参加婚礼而盛装打扮。

59. 7. Dating back to the Qin Dynasty (221~207BC), the traditional crosstalk shows, or xiangsheng shows, have made people all over China roar with laughter for centuries. 传统的相声表演可以追溯到秦朝，已使全中 国人笑了千百年。

60. date back to… 可追溯到 …… ；始于 …… 时 期。有时也用 date from 。 它们多用一般现在 时态且不能用于被动语态。 如： Their friendship dates back to their college days. 他们的友谊可追溯到大学时代。 This church dates back to 1256. 这座教堂建于 1256 年。

61. This custom dates from the seventeenth century. 这一习俗在 17 世纪就存在了。 8. Skilled artists make use of all the richness of the spoken language to create a rapid flow of fun. 技艺高超的艺术家利用丰富多彩的口语，创 造出连绵不断的乐趣。

62. a flow of 一连串的 …… ；连续的 …… 如： They destroyed the pipes and cut off the flow of oil. 他们破坏了管道，切断了石油供应。 They sent us a constant flow of information from Athens. 他们从雅典给我们传来了源源不断的信息。

63. 9. To appreciate the jokes of crosstalk artists, listeners have to know very well what the comedians are talking about. 要理解并充分欣赏相声演员的笑话，听众 必须十分熟悉滑稽演员的说话内容。 appreciate vt. 欣赏，鉴赏，赏识；体会， 明白；感激，感谢 。其后可接名词、 代词作宾语，如果接动词时，要接动词 -ing 形式。如 :

64. I really appreciate a cup of good tea. 有好茶一杯，我就乐在其中了。 He taught me how to appreciate literary works. 他教我如何欣赏文学作品。 I really appreciate being invited to their party. 我很感激能被邀参加他们的聚会。

65. (1) fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的；熟悉的 fluently adv. 流畅地；熟练地 fluency n. ［ U ］ 流利；流畅；熟练 如 : He is fluent in five languages. 他熟练掌握 5 种语言。 10. If you are not fluent in Chinese, you will not catch all of it. 如果你汉语不够流利，是很难全听懂的。

66. She speaks fluent English. 她操一口流利的英语。 (2) catch vt. 听清楚；听明白；理解。用作 此义时, catch 与 understand/follow 同义。如 : “Can you catch me?” the teacher asked. 老师问道： “ 能听懂我的话吗？ ” He didn’t catch my point. 他没弄明白我的意思。

67. Write a short passage to introduce Chinese crosstalk show to a foreign friend, Richard, including its history, famous actors, the way of making people laugh and so on. Homework