1. Obstacles to Modernization Poverty Poverty Overpopulation Overpopulation Building national unity Building national unity Diversity Diversity Caste Caste Gap between law and tradition Gap between law and tradition Availability of education Availability of education

2. Using Chapter 9: p. 201-220 Social/cultural change is occurring throughout South Asia. For each, give examples to show how it has been a cause of social/cultural change or has been affected by social/cultural change: (a) caste system (b) economic development (c) technology (d) family life

3. Economic Development CAUSE CAUSE created new jobs in industry created new jobs in industry engineering, chemicals, textiles, high tech industry, software, manufactured goods, outsourcing engineering, chemicals, textiles, high tech industry, software, manufactured goods, outsourcing increased urbanization increased urbanization Weakens traditional Indian culture Weakens traditional Indian culture changed landholding patterns changed landholding patterns

4. Technology CAUSE CAUSE connected India to world beyond village connected India to world beyond village Roads/media Roads/media new products/machinery affect daily village life new products/machinery affect daily village life Green revolution, electricity, healthcare, schools, manufactured goods, farming techniques Green revolution, electricity, healthcare, schools, manufactured goods, farming techniques Population explosion Population explosion urbanization urbanization

5. Family Life AFFECTED AFFECTED more urbanization = more nuclear family more urbanization = more nuclear family rights and education more opportunities for women rights and education more opportunities for women Own property, divorce, seats in Parliament Own property, divorce, seats in Parliament Marriage Marriage Higher castes: marry later, right of refusal, set up own home, work outside of home Higher castes: marry later, right of refusal, set up own home, work outside of home Improved gender equity Improved gender equity

6. Caste System AFFECTED AFFECTED weakened by urbanization, government, economic development and education weakened by urbanization, government, economic development and education efforts to outlaw discrimination based on caste efforts to outlaw discrimination based on caste Untouchability illegal Untouchability illegal Compensatory discrimination = quota system Compensatory discrimination = quota system Politically active/political parties Politically active/political parties Mixing of castes Mixing of castes Increased social mobility Increased social mobility