1. Metric and Measurement Notes

2. Seven Basic Measurement Areas (Metric Units)

3. Length The basic unit of measurement for length is a:
meter.
The instrument used is a:
meter stick.
Standard: distance light travels in 1/2.9979x108 seconds
or 3.3x10-9 seconds

4. Mass The basic unit of measurement for mass is a:
gram.
The instrument used is a:
triple beam balance.
Standard: plantinum iridium cylinder – stored in a vault in the International Bureau of Weights and Measurements in France

5. Mass vs Weight Mass – amount of particles (atoms) a substance contains
Weight – force of gravity pulling on an object

6. Time The basic unit of measurement for time is a:
second.
The instrument used is a:
stopwatch
Standard: 9x109 vibrations of Cesium 133

7. Temperature The basic unit of measurement for temperature is:
Celsius (or Kelvin).
0°C (freezing) °C (boiling)
The instrument used is a:
thermometer.
Standard: the triple point of water – the temperature and pressure at which solid, liquid and vapor are all present = K or 0.01C

8. Amount of a Substance
The basic unit of measurement for the amount of a substance is:
a mole
Avogadro’s number: 6.022x1023
Standard: the amount of substance containing the same number of particles as 12.00g of carbon 12

9. Light Intensity The basic unit of measurement for light intensity is:
candela (cd)
The instrument used is a:
spectrophotometer
Original definition: the amount of light emitted by a common candle.
Standard: intensity of a source that emits a monochromatic light of 540x1012Hz with an intensity of 1/683 steradians

10. Electrical Current
The basic unit of measurement for electrical current is:
Ampere (A)
The instrument used is an:
amp meter
Standard: the amount of electrical charge passing a point in an electrical circuit per unit time with 6.241x1018 electrons OR a force of 2x10-7N/m between 2 parallel conductors of infinite length of negligible cross section in a vacuum

11. Derived Units Units that are formed by any combination of basic units:
Area (l x w)
Volume (l x w x h)
Density (m/v)
Force (N = kgm/s2)

12. Volume The basic unit of measurement for volume is a:
liter.
The instrument used is a:
graduated cylinder.
Measure the volume of liquid at the bottom of the meniscus.
NEVER use a beaker for measuring volume, it is not accurate.

13. Volume (cont.)
To measure the volume of a regularly shaped solid, multiply: length x width x height Basic unit of volume for a solid: m3

14. Density (cont.) Equation: mass/volume
Basic unit of measurement of density:
Solid: g/m3
Liquid: g/L

15. Metric System
The metric system is based on the number 10 and multiples of 10. kilo hecta deca basic deci centi milli k h dk d c m or or or 1/10 1/100 1/1000

16. Additional Metric Prefixes
Tera 1012
Giga 109
Mega 106
Kilo 103
centi 10-2
mili 10-3
micro (μ) 10-6
nano (n) 10-9

17. Approximations and Conversions
1 m ≈ 1 yard 1 in = cm
1 L ≈ 1 quart 1 qt = L
1Kg ≈ 2 lb 1 lb = 453.6g
1 mile = Km