1. Endocrine System, Nervous System and Homeostatic Control
Review for Unit Test #1

2. Endocrine system Information signaling system Glands produce hormones
Circulate through blood vessels
Regulate:
mood, growth and development, tissue function, and metabolism

3. Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue, anger, and circadian cycles.
Secretes hormones that tell other glands to create their hormones
GHRH

4. Pineal Body Secretes Melatonin
Melatonin may help regulate sleep patterns

5. Pituitary Gland Growth Blood Pressure Sex Organ Functions
Conversion of food into energy
Water regulation

6. Thyroid
Controls how quickly the body burns energy, makes proteins, and how sensitive the body should be to other hormones.

7. Parathyroid
The sole function of the parathyroid glands is to maintain the body's calcium level within a very narrow range.

8. Pancreas
Regulates blood sugar by producing Insulin

9. Adrenal gland Produces Adrenaline Fight or Flight Response
Dilate pupils
Increase heart rate
Suppress non emergency process
Boost oxygen and glucose supply

10. Testes and Ovaries Both produce hormones to support body function
Testosterone
Ovaries
Progesterone
Estrogens

11. Nervous system Made up of two major parts Central Nervous System (CNS)
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

12. Neurons

13. Central Nervous System
Brain and Spinal Cord
Nerves
Ganglion

14. Brain
Consists of lobes, Each lobe having different functions.

15. Function
Process information
Dictate reactions and behaviors

16. Peripheral Nervous system
Nerves from spinal cord to rest of body
Create locomotion
Etc…

17. Feedback Loops
Your nervous system is involved in almost all homeostatic control loops.
Reflex arc
Sensory Vs Motor
Affector Vs Effector

19. Neuron Function
Dendrites
Myelin
Schwann Cells
Axon
Node of Ranvier

20. Threshold
Before a neuron can send out a signal the stimuli has to pass the threshold

21. Action Potential An action potential is a nerve impulse
An electrical shock sent down the axon

22. Action Potential

23. Synapse
A synapse occurs where ever the action potential meets the end of the axon
It needs to propagate across that gap
It does this through chemical messengers

24. Neurotransmitter= Acetylcholine
Enzyme that destroys it = Acetylcholinesterase

25. Synapse
When Acetylcholine jumps across the gap, it tells the next neuron to fire it’s action potential and the process continues

26. Homeostasis Summary
Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal state within an organism.
Organisms must respond and maintain homeostasis in relation to many factors.
Organisms detect changes in their environment and respond to these changes in a variety of ways.   
These changes may occur at the cellular or organism level.