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Published byAngela McCoy Modified over 9 years ago
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Vitamins Complex organic substances vital to life – Uses tiny amounts – Only a millionth of a gram Known of Vitamins importance since the mid 1700’s Technology to research them since the 1900’s
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Scurvy Deficiency of Vitamin C – Malaise, lethargy, shortness of breath, bone pain, loose teeth, poor healing… – 1700’s problem with the British Soldiers
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Beriberi Disease of the nervous system – partial paralysis, weakness, mental confusion and death 1880’s Japanese Navy surgeon treated it by adding meats & vegetables to sailors’ diets Vitamin B1
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Vitamins Between 1915-1948 more than a dozen vitamin's were discovered – Starting with Vitamin A and ending with Vitamin B12
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Vitamin Function Perform specific functions in the body by working with compounds called enzymes Enzyme function is slower and less effective without Vitamins – Long term there for short term deficiency is not as serious
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Vitamins you need Organic found only in living things Human body cannot synthesize most Supplied in foods or dietary supplements
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Water-Soluble Vitamins Dissolve in water Found in the water that’s present in foods Circulates freely in the blood and cell fluids Limited storage Best consumed daily
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Water-Soluble Vitamins Vitamin C : Formation of collagen, brain hormones, immunity, antioxidant Citrus fruits, broccoli, strawberries, melon, green pepper, tomatoes, dark green vegetables, potatoes
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Water-Soluble Vitamins Thiamin (Vitamin B1): Releases energy from foods, promotes normal appetite, nervous system function
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Water-Soluble Vitamins Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): Release energy from food, promotes vision & healthy skin
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Water-Soluble Vitamins Niacin Vitamin B3: Energy production from foods, acid digestion, normal appetite, healthy skin, nerves
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Water-Soluble Vitamins Vitamin B6: Aids in protein metabolism, red blood cell formation, helps body use fat
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Water-Soluble Vitamins Folic Acid: aids in protein metabolism, red blood cell formation, prevents birth defects – spine and brain, prevents heart disease
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Water-Soluble Vitamins Vitamin B 12: Aids in building genetic materials, development of red blood cells and maintenance of the nervous system
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Water-Soluble Vitamins Pantothenic Acid: energy & hormones Biotin: releases energy from carbs, aids in fat synthesis
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Fat Soluble Vitamins Vitamin A: form skin & mucous membranes, increase resistance to infections, bone & tooth development, antioxidant
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Fat Soluble Vitamins Vitamin D: hardening of bones and teeth, increase absorption of calcium Synthesized by sunlight action on skin
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Fat Soluble Vitamins Vitamin E: protects A & E & fatty acids, prevents damage to cell membranes, antioxidant
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Fat Soluble Vitamins Vitamin K: Helps blood to clot
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Minerals 17 essential to humans Inorganic elements needed by your body Further chemical reactions in the body – Often work together with Vitamins Sturdy nutrients
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Minerals Major Minerals: 0.1g or more needed daily Trace Minerals: 0.01g or less needed daily
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(Major Minerals) Sodium & Potassium Maintain fluid balance in the body Helps nerve impulses and sensations to be transmitted Potassium – muscle contractions, heart beat
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(Major Minerals) Calcium & Phosphorus 99% of bodies calcium is in the bones With phosphorus it provides strength and structure Calcium plays a role in clotting, muscle action, heart rate and fluid balance
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Deficiency of Calcium Osteoporosis: A loss in bone density due to a prolonged deficiency of calcium Calcium is so important the body will pull it from the bones if you do not get it in your diet
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(Trace Minerals) Iron Forms part of hemoglobin which carries O2 Body will store and recycle
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(Trace Minerals) Zinc Needed to form proteins Role in making DNA Metabolized carbs and helps digestion Aids in healing
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(Trace Minerals) Manganese Aides enzymes that metabolize protein and release energy Needed for bone growth & nervous system function
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(Trace Minerals) Fluoride Mineralization of bones and teeth Works with Phosphorus and Calcium Strengthen bones and help teeth resist cavities
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