1. Communication PitfallsTipsStrategies

2. Worldviews Not everyone sees the world the same Many programs are designed to force everyone to sing the same song

3. Worldviews Impacted by primary (biomedical) & secondary (culture) Secondary worldviews “trump”

4. Pitfalls Lack of understanding about cultural influences and the relative influence of that culture –Inaccurate assessment of strengths & resources –e.g. Child Welfare

5. Pitfalls Retention of stereotyped images (conscious and unconscious) –Making eye contact with someone older or in a position of authority –e.g. Housing Authority / Income Maintenance

6. Pitfalls Use of standard techniques and approaches (there is one right way) –Self reliance focus of HIV prevention programs

7. Pitfalls Failure to understand and acknowledge power issues –Providers are trained how to survive within institutional structures  Which results in the development of coping mechanisms …

8. CARE Model C – Confrontation or aggression A – Accommodation “Yes is better than No” R – Retreat or withdrawal E – Empowerment or creativity

9. Pitfalls Assuming a mutuality of interests –Hidden agendas of educational materials

10. Pitfalls Failure to see the inter-relationship of multiple identities –Priority given to person identities over extended family and community/tribal In Company of Wolves – SS Boulet

11. Pitfalls Failure to identify the client’s critical chain of needs –Assuming HIV to be at the top of the chain

12. Pitfalls Maintaining the structure of communication that is not working (focusing on content) –Continuing to do the same thing but expecting a different result

13. Pitfalls Addressing only Primary Worldview issues and concerns –Biomedical focus of HIV treatment and services

14. TIPS for Building Cross Cultural Competency

15. TIPS T – Technique effectiveness will vary along a bell-shaped curve, as long as you use only one approach, intervention or curriculum

16. TIPS T – Technique effectiveness will vary along a bell-shaped curve, as long as you use only one approach, intervention or curriculum I – Integration and assimilation are not the goals of all people; willingness to integrate and assimilate will vary according to an individual’s perceived stress and level of power

17. TIPS T – Technique effectiveness will vary along a bell-shaped curve, as long as you use only one approach, intervention or curriculum I – Integration and assimilation are not the goals of all people; willingness to integrate and assimilate will vary according to an individual’s perceived stress and level of power P – Participation will vary according to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

18. TIPS T – Technique effectiveness will vary along a bell-shaped curve, as long as you use only one approach, intervention or curriculum I – Integration and assimilation are not the goals of all people; willingness to integrate and assimilate will vary according to an individual’s perceived stress and level of power P – Participation will vary according to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs S – Sponsorship = Ownership

19. Communication Building Cross Cultural Competence

20. Communication Key factors influencing Cross Cultural Communication: Generational Impacts Pause Time Information Processing & Communication Styles Secondary Worldviews

21. Communication Eye contact Direct & Indirect Questions YES is better than No Declining in NOT the same as NOT wanting or needing Avoiding Confrontation (anger = spiritual pollution that can make people sick )