1. CSA Week 9 Overview We will briefly cover: lLayered architecture lNetwork addressing

2. CSA Week 9 Layered Architecture - Protocols lProtocols lThe format or structure of the message lThe method by which networking devices share information about pathways with other networks lHow and when error and system messages are passed between devices lThe setup and termination of data transfer sessions

3. CSA Week 9 Layered Architecture

4. CSA Week 9 Layered Architecture lWeb server and Web browser interaction lHttp lTCP lIP lEthernet lLayered architecture is used to visualize interaction of many different protocols

5. CSA Week 9 Layered Architecture

6. CSA Week 9 Layered Architecture- OSI Model

7. CSA Week 9 Layered Architecture lHelp in design of complex, multiuse, multi-vendors networks lAssists in protocol design, because protocols that operate at a specific layer have defined information that they act upon and a defined interface to the layers above and below lFosters competition because products from different vendors can work together lPrevents technology or capability changes in one layer from affecting other layers above and below lProvides a common language to describe networking functions and capabilities

8. CSA Week 9 Layered Architecture- OSI Model

9. CSA Week 9 OSI Model Data Encapsulation Segment Packet Frame Bits

10. CSA Week 9 Layered Architecture- OSI Model lApplication Layer lprovides the interface to the user and the rules for communication between applications lthe Application layer protocols implemented on the source and destination host must match lPresentation lCoding and conversion of Application layer data to ensure that data from the source device can be interpreted by the appropriate application on the destination device. lCompression of the data in a manner that can be decompressed by the destination device lEncryption of the data for transmission and the decryption of data upon receipt by the destination lSession lcreate and maintain dialogs between source and destination applications lTransport lEnables multiple applications to communicate over the network at the same time on a single device - port numbers lEnsures that, if required, all the data is received reliably and in order by the correct application lEmploys error handling mechanisms lTCP, UDP

11. CSA Week 9 Layered Architecture- OSI Model lNetwork lEnables devices to reach each other lLogical addressing lRouting lIPv4, IPv6, Novell IPX, AppleTalk lData Link lTo prepare Network layer packets for transmission and to control access to the physical media lControls how data is placed onto the media and is received from the media using techniques such as media access control and error detection lPhysical lTo encode the binary digits that represent Data Link layer frames into signals and to transmit and receive these signals across the physical media lprovides the means to transport across the network media the bits that make up a Data Link layer frame lto create the electrical, optical, or microwave signal that represents the bits in each frame

12. CSA Week 9 Layered Architecture- OSI Model

13. CSA Week 9 TCP/IP Model

14. CSA Week 9 Applications lThe Interface Between Human and Data Networks lapplications provide the means for generating and receiving data that can be transported on the network

15. CSA Week 9 Applications

16. CSA Week 9 Applications

17. CSA Week 9 Domain Name System Resolving DNS addresses

18. CSA Week 9 DNS

19. CSA Week 9

20. WWW Services and HTTP

21. CSA Week 9 WWW Services and HTTP

22. CSA Week 9 WWW Services and HTTP

23. CSA Week 9 E-mail and SMTP/POP Protocols

24. CSA Week 9 E-mail and SMTP/POP Protocols

25. CSA Week 9 E-mail and SMTP/POP Protocols

26. CSA Week 9 Telnet lRemote connection lUsed in examining and managing networks

27. CSA Week 9 Server Message Block (SMB) lSMB protocol is used in supporting file sharing in Microsoft-based networks

28. CSA Week 9 Transport Layer Role and Services

29. CSA Week 9 Transport Layer Role and Services UDP TCP

30. CSA Week 9 Network Layer and Internet Protocol (IP)

31. CSA Week 9 IPv4 protocol

32. CSA Week 9 Network Addressing lA way to identify and locate the source and destination lPhysical addressing lnetwork interface has a physical address assigned to it when it is manufactured lthe Media Access Control (MAC) address l48-bit address space : 01-23-45-67-89-ab, 01:23:45:67:89:ab, 0123.4567.89ab (hexadecimal format) lLogical addressing lAn IP address is assigned to the Network interface connection for a host l32 binary into four 8 bytes leach octet is presented as its decimal value, separated by a decimal point or period 192.168.1.1

33. CSA Week 9 Physical Addressing

34. CSA Week 9 Physical Addressing

35. CSA Week 9 Logical (IP) Addressing

36. CSA Week 9 IP Addressing –Hierarchical

37. CSA Week 9 IP Addressing –Subnet Mask lDifferentiate network and host part of an IP address l32 bits long l1s represent the network portion and 0’s represents host portion l192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

38. CSA Week 9 IP Addressing –Subnet Mask

39. CSA Week 9 IP Address Classes

40. CSA Week 9 IP Address –Private Addresses

41. CSA Week 9 Unicast, Multicast, Broadcast lHosts can use IP addresses to communicate lone-to-one (unicast) lone-to-many (multicast) lone-to-all (broadcast)

42. CSA Week 9 Unicast

43. CSA Week 9 Broadcast

44. CSA Week 9 Multicast

45. CSA Week 9 Static IP Address Assignment lnetwork administrator must manually configure the network information for a host

46. CSA Week 9 Dynamic IP Address Assignment lIP addresses assigned automatically using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).

47. CSA Week 9 IPv6 l128-bit hierarchical addressing - to expand addressing capabilities lHeader format simplification - to improve packet handling lImproved support for extensions and options - for increased scalability/longevity and improved packet handling lFlow labelling capability - as QoS mechanisms lAuthentication and privacy capabilities - to integrate security