1. World History

2. Theories on prehistory and early man constantly change as new evidence comes to light. - Louis Leakey, British paleoanthropologist

4. 1. 4,000,000 BCE – 1,000,000 BCE 2. 1,500,000 BCE -- 250,000 BCE 3. 250,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE 4. 30,000 BCE -- 10,000 BCE Paleolithic Age: ( Old Stone Age ) ‏ 2,500,000 BCE to 8,000 BCE

5. “Paleolithic” --> “Old Stone” Age  “Paleolithic” --> “Old Stone” Age 2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE  2,500,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE hunting (men) & gathering (women)  small bands of 20-30 humans  hunting (men) & gathering (women)  small bands of 20-30 humans NOMADIC (moving from place to place) ‏  NOMADIC (moving from place to place) ‏ Made tools  Made tools

6. 3-4 million years ago Hominids --> any member of the family of two-legged primates that includes all humans.  Hominids --> any member of the family of two-legged primates that includes all humans. Australopithecines  Australopithecines  Simple stone tools  1 st hominids An Apposable Thumb  An Apposable Thumb

7. HOMO ERECTUS 1.5 million year ago! ( “Upright Human Being” ) ‏  HOMO ERECTUS 1.5 million year ago! ( “Upright Human Being” ) ‏ Larger and more varied tools --> primitive technology  Larger and more varied tools --> primitive technology First hominid to migrate and leave Africa for Europe and Asia.  First hominid to migrate and leave Africa for Europe and Asia. First to use fire ( 500,000 BCE ) ‏  First to use fire ( 500,000 BCE ) ‏ BIPEDALISM  BIPEDALISM

8. Are we all Africans “under the skin”????

9. 200,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE HOMO SAPIENS ( “Wise Human Being” ) ‏ CREATED 2 GROUPS Neanderthals ( 200,000 BCE – 30,000 BCE ) ‏ Cro-Magnons ( 40,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE ) ‏

10. 70,000 BCE – 10,000 BCE During the time of the two subgroups!

11. NEANDERTHALS 100,000-30,000 B.C: Neander Valley, Germany (1856) ‏  Neander Valley, Germany (1856) ‏ First humans to bury their dead.  First humans to bury their dead. Made clothes from animal skins.  Made clothes from animal skins. Lived in caves and tents.  Lived in caves and tents.  Use of stone tools

12. NEANDERTHALS Early Hut/Tent

13. CRO-MAGNONs: Homo sapiens sapiens ( “Wise, wise human” ) ‏  Homo sapiens sapiens ( “Wise, wise human” ) ‏  Started in Africa… By 30,000 BCE they replaced Neanderthals.  By 30,000 BCE they replaced Neanderthals. WHY???

15. Humans during this period found shelter in caves.  Humans during this period found shelter in caves. Cave paintings left behind.  Cave paintings left behind. Purpose??

16. Summary of the Paleolithic age Hunt and gather Bands of 20-30 Gender roles equal…speculation Major innovations…tools and fire...why?

17. “Neolithic”  “New Stone” Age  “Neolithic”  “New Stone” Age 10,000 BCE (book says 8,000) – 4,000 BCE  10,000 BCE (book says 8,000) – 4,000 BCE Gradual shift FROM:  Gradual shift FROM: Nomadic lifestyle  settled, stationery lifestyle. Hunting/Gathering  agricultural production and domestication of animals.

18. Expand YOUR Vocabulary Systematic Agriculture: – Food on a regular supply Domesticated Animals: – Adaptation for human use

19. 8,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE  8,000 BCE – 5,000 BCE Agriculture developed independently in different parts of the world.  Agriculture developed independently in different parts of the world. SLASH-AND-BURN Farming  SLASH-AND-BURN Farming Middle East India Central America China Southeast Asia 8,000 BCE 7,000 BCE 6,500 BCE 6,000 BCE 5,000 BCE

20. Development of Agriculture ? ? ? ?

21. Why do you think the development of agriculture occurred around the same time in several different places?

22. Growing crops on a regular basis made possible the support of larger populations.  Growing crops on a regular basis made possible the support of larger populations. More permanent, settled communities emerged.  More permanent, settled communities emerged. 9,000 BCE  Earliest Agricultural Settlement at JARMO ( northern Iraq )  wheat  9,000 BCE  Earliest Agricultural Settlement at JARMO ( northern Iraq )  wheat

23. 8,000 BCE  Largest Early Settlement at Çatal Hüyük ( Modern Turkey )  6,000 inhabitants,32 ACRES WALLED  8,000 BCE  Largest Early Settlement at Çatal Hüyük ( Modern Turkey )  6,000 inhabitants,32 ACRES WALLED Division of labor  Division of labor Engaged in trade  Engaged in trade  Organized religion Small military  Small military 12 cultivated crops  12 cultivated crops An obsidian dagger

24. Çatal Hüyük

25. What role did the food supply play in shaping the nomadic life of hunter-gatherers and the settled life of the farmers?

27. Changes.. Extra food created this chain reaction… – Artisans, create not just farm – Traded creations, and ideas! – Religion, more organized with numbers – Used grown products to create cloth – Gender divisions

30. Wait the Bronze Age!!! 3,000-1,200 BC – Melted metal to create tools and weapons – 1 st Copper then – 2 nd Bronze (Copper and tin together)

33. AdvancedCities SpecializedWorkers ComplexInstitutions Record-Keeping AdvancedTechnology