1. The Industrial Age The Industrial Revolution’s effects on science, communication, transportation, medicine, education, culture, and the arts.

2. Electricity  Michael Faraday  Developed the dynamo—electric generator  Powered by steam engine  Used to power machines

3. Advances in Technology  Incandescent light bulb 1879 (lasted 2 days)  Phonograph  Kinetoscope  Menlo Park Lab  1000 patents Thomas Edison

4. Communications  Marconi’s radio WirelessWireless Electromagnetic wavesElectromagnetic waves Ship to shipShip to ship Ship to shoreShip to shore  Bell’s telephone

5. Internal Combustion Engine  1903  First successful powered airplane flight (12 seconds)  aerodynamics Wright Brothers

6. The Automobile Benz Ford First gasoline- driven auto

7. Lamarck’s Evolution Living things changed their form due to their environment

8. Darwin Tree of life—all things originate from one common ancestor— humans evolved from animals. Survival of the Fittest=Natural Selection

9. Effects of Darwinism  Separated science and religion  Social Darwinism--natural selection applied to society  Used as an argument for the “necessity” of poverty  Racism  Genocide/Euthanasia Holocaust

10. Fight Against Disease Pasteurization= heating liquids to prevent bacteria and fermentation Louis Pasteur Anthrax and rabies vaccines

11. Antiseptics & Anesthesia  Joseph Lister publishes “Antiseptic Principle of the Practice of Surgery”  Long & Morton "Gentlemen, this is no humbug.“"Gentlemen, this is no humbug.“ Ether is used as anesthesiaEther is used as anesthesia

12. Other medical developments:  Edward Jenner Smallpox vaccineSmallpox vaccine 17961796  Robert Koch Discovers germs that cause tuberculosis & Asiatic choleraDiscovers germs that cause tuberculosis & Asiatic cholera 18821882  Aspirin & Sulfa drugs  Alexander Fleming PenicillinPenicillin 19281928

13. Bacterial Diseases Typhoid/ Salmonella Diphtheria Cholera Yellow Fever Walter Reed

14. Atomic Theory Mendeleyev’s classification of elements.

15. Radioactivity and X-rays Wilhelm Rontgen: X-ray Curies: Radioactivity

16. Emigration Move to industrialized cities for jobs Move to industrialized cities for jobs Travel was easier and safer Travel was easier and safer Oppression (Armenian genocide by Muslims) Oppression (Armenian genocide by Muslims) Discrimination (Jews & Slavs Discrimination (Jews & Slavs Economic hardship (Irish Potato Famine) Economic hardship (Irish Potato Famine) Settle territories Settle territories

18. Shift to Cities Cities are forced to deal with crowed streets, sanitation issues, garbage, crime, etc.

19. Move to the Suburbs Public transportation, (like trolleys and trains) and automobiles make it possible.

20. Sanitation Sewer systems and flushing toilets.

21. Diet and Refrigeration Children with rickets (caused by a vitamin D deficiency). The first electric refrigerators.

22. Public Education Universal Universal Compulsory Compulsory Need for literate workers Need for literate workers

23. Women’s Education Women’s education movement is linked to the women’s suffrage (vote) movement. Women’s education movement is linked to the women’s suffrage (vote) movement. Emily Davies: women’s education advocate & suffragette.

24. Leisure theatre baseball Public Parks basketball

25. War Correspondent Matthew Brady

26. Capturing Poverty

27. Realism Artists dealt with reality Artists dealt with reality Detailed ordinary life Detailed ordinary life Social and economic themes Social and economic themes

28. Regionalism Mark Twain Everyday life in a certain region.

29. Naturalists Focused on the ugly sordid parts of life.

30. Impressionists Tried to give vivid impressions of people and places, paying close attention to light and color. Monet & Renoir

31. “Art for art’s sake” Did not require art to have purpose or even meaning. Art becomes more “abstract”.