2. The process through which a person develops proper attitudes and behaviors - toward other people in society, - based on social and cultural norms, rules, and laws. - Like Erikson, imaged moral development as proceeding through universal stages

3.  American psychologist (Developmentalist)  Worked along side Erikson and Jean Piaget at Harvard  viewed moral development as a slow process that evolved through one’s lifetime;  a person could not skip stages.

4.  Stage 1 (fear of punishment): Morality: obeying rules trying to avoid punishment  Stage 2 (expectation of a reward): Morality: doing what best satisfies my needs, or occasionally, the needs of another. “What will this do for me?"

5.  Stage 3 (interpersonal agreement): Morality: doing what parents, teachers, school, peer group, church expect. Striving to be "nice" is the goal.  Stage 4 (law and order): Morality: Obeying rules, respecting authority, and fulfilling perceived obligations to maintain social order.

6.  Stage 5 (social-contract legalistic): Morality: behavior based on societal norms, with emphasis on upholding the values of the society.  Stage 6 (universal ethical-principle): Morality: based on internalized principles of justice, human dignity, fairness **independent thought and commitment to ideals not limited to legal/moral laws: essential for decisions.

7.  Write a short statement on your understanding of the meaning of Vocation, and which character you are choosing to act as your model for a vocational mission statement, and why  *Hand in at end of class

8.  Does clarifying one’s moral reasoning lead to improved moral behavior? - moral system vs. intellectual examination  Is justice the only aspect of moral reasoning we should consider?  What of compassion, care, relationships?  justice vs. care and compassion

9.  Does Kohlberg's theory overemphasize the Western emphasis on individualism? - personal rights vs. the importance of society and community.

10.  Pointed out potential sexist and biased elements: only male subjects used;  Concept of morality appears different for men and women;  Men tend to value: equity and justice (places most men in stage five or six).

11.  Women tend to value social interaction: - Tend to base their moral decisions on caring for other human beings; - This places women at stage three, making them appear to be less morally developed than men.

12.  Men determine immorality based on treating others unfairly;  Women base it on turning away someone in need.