1. Visualizing Vocabulary: Moving Beyond Lists and Definitions Janie R. Goodman M.Ed. jgoodteach@aol.com Victoria A. Oglan Ph.D. oglanmon@mailbox.sc.edu University of South Carolina

2. 2D Palindromes… are word squares in which every row and column reads as a word in both directions.

3. The “Nym” Family Words ending in –nym are often used to describe different classes of words, and the relationships between words. The –nym literally means name, from the Greek onoma meaning name or word.

4. Some of the family members… acronymsantonymsaptronyms autonymstautonymshomonyms hypernymseponymsexonyms patronymscontronymsbacronyms synonymsmeronymsmetonyms heteronymshyperonymshyponyms autoantonymscapitonymsoronyms paronymspseudonymsretronyms

5. Let’s Predict How many words are there in the English language ?

6. How many words do you think you know?

7. What is the longest word in the English language?

8. What word in the English language has the most meanings?

9. Set has 464 definitions in the Oxford English Dictionary

10. Run runs a distant second with 396

11. Rounding out the top 10 are: go with 368 take with 343 stand with 334 get with 289 turn with 288 put with 268 fall with 264 strike with 250

12. How many metaphors do you use in regular conversation (free discourse)?

13. It is now well accepted that the chief cause of the achievement gap between socioeconomic groups is a language gap. ~ Ed Hirsch 2003

14. Struggling readers lack word knowledge Struggling readers do not use visualization as a strategy

15. Research also tells us word knowledge: promotes reading fluency boosts reading comprehension improves academic achievement enhances thinking and communication

16. And… Students learn words through wide reading Knowing a word means more than knowing a definition for the word Discussion leads to vocabulary learning Students learn words through strategy instruction

17. What Doesn’t Work? Copying definitions Writing sentences Telling students to “use context” Memorizing lists of definitions ~Feldman & Kinsella (2003)

18. Four Principles to Guide Vocabulary Instruction Students should be active learners in vocabulary and strategies to enhance vocabulary Students benefit from personalizing the learning of words

19. Four Principles to Guide Vocabulary Instruction Students gain from immersion in words Students augment their vocabulary through repeated exposure to words

20. Comprehensive vocabulary instruction that includes strategy instruction where students are provided opportunities to play with words and language is a necessary part of a plan for academic success.

21. Some Strategies to Think About… Word sorts Sticky note sentences Cloze tasks Word walls Picture walk (to introduce new words) Rebus Word webs

22. List, group label Ten important words Kid-Friendly definitions Word wonder ARTiculate the word Word curiosity

23. Search the web www.cnn.com/studentnews www.funwithwords.com www.nytimes.com/pages/education www.smithsonian.com www.teachingtolerance.org

24. Become a wordsmith, a lexophile Make your classroom a place where students learn to become language collectors.

25. Remember… One forgets words as one forgets names. One's vocabulary needs constant fertilizing or it will die. ~Evelyn Waugh

26. So Now We Are…