1. Prosthetics A Short Look at the History and Applications of Prosthetics

2.  How and why I made my product  What are prosthetics/prostheses?  Origin of the word “prosthesis”  Mythological references  Oldest Prosthesis Known  The “Father” of Prosthetics  Different types of prosthetics  Conclusion  What I think of future prosthetics  Questions Topics Covered

3.  Microsoft’s PowerPoint software  The internet How I made My Product

4.  I am not very creative  Gain general knowledge  Personal goal to become a physical therapist  Might work with amputees one day Why I Made It

5.  Prosthetics: noun. artificial body parts, such as a leg, a tooth, a heart, or a breast implant  Prosthetic. adj. of or relating to prosthetics  Prostheses: noun. any artificial body part What Are Prosthetics/Prostheses?

6.  Origin of the word prosthesis:  mid 16th century: from Greek word “prostithenai”  Pros- meaning 'in addition'  -tithenai meaning 'to place' Origin of the Word “Prosthesis”

7. Mythological References to Prosthetics Pelops Tezcatlitoca

8. Oldest Prosthesis Known “Greville Chester Artificial Toe” Artificial Big Right Toe. 2012. Science 2.0. Web. 1 Nov 2013.

9.  Discovered in Ancient Egypt  British explorers found in the necropolis of Thebe  Dates back to 600 BCE  Material used  Wood  Leather  Plaster Oldest Prosthesis Known

10.  Dr. Jacky Finch confirmed functionality  Research at University of Manchester  Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics  Considered a “leg” prosthetic  Housed in British Museum Oldest Prosthesis Known

11.  Lived 1510-1590  Introduced prosthetics to the Medical field The “Father” of Prosthetics Ambroise Paré

12.  Did not seal wounds  Infection  Credited for use of ligatures to tie off blood vessels  Still used in modern amputation procedures The “Father” of Prosthetics Ambroise Paré

13.  Joint  Act as cartilage  Hip, knee, and shoulder most common Different Types of Prosthetics A.D.A.M. Prosthetic knee joint. 2007. Health Central. Web. 5 Nov 2013.

14.  Arm  Transradial  Attach below the elbow  Transhumeral  Attach to the upper arm  Restores basic function http://www.youtube.com/ watch?feature=player_ embedded&v=gudJkhlxUbw Different Types of Prosthetics Prosthetic right arm. 2012. New York Daily News. Web. 5 Nov 2013.

15.  Leg  Transtibial  Attaches below the knee  Transfemoral  Attach above the knee  Re-enables amputees to  Stand  Walk  Run Different Types of Prosthetics Oscar “Blade Runner” Pistorius. 2008. Beijing 2008 Paralympic Games. Web. 2013.

16.  Cosmetic  No effect on a patient’s functionality  But “increases” appearance Different Types of Prosthetics

17.  Cosmetic  No effect on a patient’s functionality  But “increases” appearance Different Types of Prosthetics Artificial Eyes. 2013. Citizen Arcane. Web. 5 Nov 2013.

18.  Cosmetic  No effect on a patient’s functionality  But “increases” appearance Different Types of Prosthetics Artificial Eyes. 2013. Citizen Arcane. Web. 5 Nov 2013. Pamela Anderson. 2012. Medic Beauty. Web. 6 Nov 2013.

19.  Prosthetics make patients’ lives better  Functionally  Restore basic functions in limbs –  Some advanced function (running)  Not quite as functional as real thing - yet  Visually  Helps increase self-esteem Overall

20.  Prosthetics will become more effective than the real thing  Will be preferred  Not susceptible to muscle fatigue, Soreness, pain, etc…  Prosthetics will be easily replaceable  Need to overcome phantom pain First  No cure What I Think of Future Prosthetics A shot from the movie I Robot. 2004. Won Jun’s blog. Web. 6 Nov 2013.

21.  Any stories/experiences Questions/Comments?

22.  Bailey, Aubrey. “What Are the Different Types of Prosthetics?” Chron. 2013. Web. 4 Nov 2013.  Finch, Jacky. “Biochemical Assessment of Two Artificial Big Toe Restorations From Ancient Egypt and Their Significance to the History of Prosthetics”. Journal of Prosthetics and Orthotics. 24.4 (2012): 181-191. Web. 1 Nov 2013.  “Prosthesis”. oxforddictionaries.com. 2013. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/p rosthesis. Web. 2 Nov 2013.  Welcome Library, London. Sciencemuseum.org. 2013. http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/people/ambroisep are.aspx Web. 1 Nov 2013. http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/people/ambroisep are.aspx Works Cited