1. Puts, D. A., Gaulin S. J. C., & Verdolini, K. (2006). Dominance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in human voice pitch. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27, 283 – 296. By: Agata Janiszewska, Samantha Godfrey, and Jessica Marquez For Dr. Mill’s Psych 310 Class, Spring 2011

2. Voice Pitch Pu, D.A., Gaulin S.J., & Verdolini, K. (2006). Dominance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in human voice pith. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27, 283 - 296.

3. Study Evolution of voice pitch dimorphism Male pitch suggests dominance – Intrasexual selection – Intersexual selection Pu, D.A., Gaulin S.J., & Verdolini, K. (2006). Dominance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in human voice pith. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27, 283 - 296.

4. Methods 3 predictions: – Does voice pitch signal dominance to other males? – Is voice pitch change in response to circumstantial dominance? – Does voice pitch increase mating success? 2 Groups: Raters & Participants Participants answered a survey read a passage out loud and then competed for a date. Raters answered questions on the participant’s dominance Pu, D.A., Gaulin S.J., & Verdolini, K. (2006). Dominance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in human voice pith. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27, 283 - 296.

5. Manipulation The recordings of participants – Lowered version – Original version – Higher version Pu, D.A., Gaulin S.J., & Verdolini, K. (2006). Dominance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in human voice pith. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27, 283 - 296.

6. Results Pu, D.A., Gaulin S.J., & Verdolini, K. (2006). Dominance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in human voice pith. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27, 283 - 296. Adapted from Puts et. al.

7. Conclusions Intra sexual selection had an influence on evolution of the dimorphic voice pitch Only the male voice pitch evolved (female baseline) – Lead to increased mating success – Made males better competitors for resources Pu, D.A., Gaulin S.J., & Verdolini, K. (2006). Dominance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in human voice pith. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27, 283 - 296.

8. Strong points 1.The extra information about voice pitch and the equation 2.voice pitch might be nervousness and relaxation rather than a dominance display 3.We found the manipulation of voice pitch with the computer software very interesting Pu, D.A., Gaulin S.J., & Verdolini, K. (2006). Dominance and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in human voice pith. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27, 283 - 296. Weak Points 1.The measure of mating success is likely to be biased 2.The study might have benefitted from having a female control group 3.We questioned the ratings of dominance. The scale might have been to sensitive (0-100)