1. http://www.deep-earth.org/ Overview: Accomplishments and goals CIDER workshop, Marconi Center, May 17, 2009 Barbara Romanowicz Univ. of California, Berkeley

2. Motivation and goals Inter-disciplinary Synthesis Center Research Incubator Integrative framework To tackle the fundamental question of the nature of global dynamic processes that drive plate tectonics on Earth

3. (Albarède and van der Hilst, 1999) 40 years after the acceptance of plate tectonics, we are still debating: -the proportion of heat coming from the core versus radiogenic heating in the mantle; - The degree of chemical mixing across the mantle; -The origin and even existence of mantle plumes; - the chemical/thermal nature and origin of heterogenity in the deepest mantle; -The nature and importance of coupling between mantle and core;

4. Understanding the Earth’s interior requires a synthesis of.. Geomagnetism

5. Jason Hunt naturalchild.org “Blind men and the elephant” The traditional approach to geosciences can be compared to…

6. Recognizing the need for more effective communication and understanding between the different disciplines, CIDER’s goal is to provide: An intellectual framework facilitating integrated multi-disciplinary research in the geosciences. The necessary complement to growing infrastructure for data gathering and distribution. Across-disciplinary educational environment at all career levels, and in particular to prepare the next generation of earth scientists

7. CIDER: A”research incubator”: Working model: KITP ( Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, UC Santa Barbara) –Programs on particular themes last 4-6 months –typically start with 1-2 weeks tutorials –Framework for informal interactions –at any given time ~20 participants –each participant commits to stay at least 3 weeks. Adapt this model to the unique needs of Geosciences Other models: NESCent; NCEAS

8. CIDER STEERING COMMITTEE 2008- –C. ConstableUCSDGeomagnetism –D. DePaoloUC BerkeleyGeochemistry –T. DuffyPrincetonMineral Phys. –A. Dziewonski HarvardSeismology –S. HartWHOI/MITGeochem. –M. HirschmannU. Minn.Min. Phys/Geoch. –L. Kellogg (Chair)UCDGeodynamics –C.T. LeeRiceGeochemistry –M. MangaUC Berkeley Geodynamics –G. MastersUCSDSeismology –B. RomanowiczUC BerkeleySeismology –L. StixrudeU. MichiganMineral Phys. – Past members 2004-2008: R. Jeanloz, D. Kent, P. Olson, E. Stolper D. Weidner,

9. CIDER Community workshop – May 2003, Marconi Center 77 participants from 43 institutions. Goals: Define the scope and format of CIDER 2004 Summer Program:07/12/04- 08/06/04 “Relating seismological and geochemical heterogeneity in the earth’s mantle” 2 weeks tutorial + 2 weeks workshop 30 grad students/post-docs 21 junior/senior scientists 2006 Summer Program : 07/16/06-08/06/06 “The earth’ s transition zone” Overlapping 2 weeks tutorial/2 weeks workshop 35 grad students/postdocs 20 junior/senior scientists 2008 Summer Program: 06/23/08- 08/05/08: “Boundary Layers in the Earth” 3 weeks KITP style (overlap with “Dynamos” + 2 weeks tutorial + 2 weeks workshop (incl. VLAB) 35 graduate students/post-docs 35 junior/senior scientist All held at KITP, Kohn Hall, UCSB campus funded by NSF/CSEDI, infrastructure provided by KITP. CIDER Proposal submitted to NSF/CSEDI - 2004 CIDER activities so far…

10. 2004 2008 Total over 3 summer programs: 100 grad students/post-docs 54 faculty/scientists incl. 23 instructors 38 US institutions 14 foreign institutions

11. 2008

12. CIDER Lectures/Tutorials Instructors: Thornsten Becker(geodynamics) 2008USC Bruce Buffett 2004 2008UCB Louise Kellogg2004 2006 2008UCD Carolina Lithgow-Bertelloni 2004 2006U. Michig. Michael Manga 2008UCB Peter VanKeken, 2006 2008U. Michig. Don DePaolo (geochemistry)2004UCB John Eiler 2006Caltech Stan Hart2004 2006 2008WHOI CinTy Lee 2006 2008Rice U. Sujoy Mukhopadhyay 2006 2008Harvard Tom Duffy (min. phys.) 2006Princeton Mark Hirschmann 2006U. Minnes. Abby Kavner 2004 2008UCLA Jackie Li 2008UIUC Bob Liebermann 2008SUNY Lars Stixrude2004 2006U. Michig. Adam Dziewonski (seismology)2004 2006 2008Harvard Alan Levander 2006 2008Rice U. Guy Masters2004 2006UCSD Barbara Romanowicz2004 2006 2008UCB Anne Sheehan 2006U. Colorado Jeroen Tromp 2008Princeton

13. CIDER Products Presentations at AGU Papers published as a result of CIDER interactions Proposals written to CSEDI –some funded ! Students have gone on to post-doc and faculty positions

14. CIDER Future Plans Community Workshop: May 17-20 2009 at Marconi Center (CA) –Expand CIDER activities beyond summer programs? –Consider longer term relationship with KITP versus our own home? –Consolidate/define relationship with Compres, CIG and other infrastructure programs CIDER proposal to be submitted to NSF/CSEDI in Fall’09 Summer 2010 program in Santa Barbara (proposal to KITP accepted)

15. Summer’2010 CIDER Program: “Fluids and volatiles in the Earth’s mantle and core” –June 6- July 18 th, 2010 –2 weeks of tutorial program (June 27-July 11), overlapping with workshop (July 4-July 18). –Theme: “Fluids and volatiles in the Earth’s mantle and core” –Overlaps with KITP program on “The Physics of Glasses” –Followed by 2010 SEDI Meeting (July 19-24, 2010, Santa Barbara).

16. Intellectually stimulating environment Research Synthesis Center Foster interdisciplinary collaboration Effective mechanisms for cross- disciplinary education Think Tank Research Incubator Frontier Center What role do we want for CIDER beyond what it is now? Facilitate integrative research “Master model” for thermo-chemical dynamics of the earth’s interior

17. CIDER Synthesis Center Thermo-chemical dynamics of the Earth’s interior Geodynamics Seismology m Other fields Geochemistr y Mineral Physics COMPRES CIG, Grace IRIS Earthscope PetDB GEOROC Geomagnetism MagIC PMAG Oersted, Champ, Swarm KITP Physics

18. CIDER “in house” activities: - Resident post-docs -Sabbaticals -Short term visitors -Working groups -Catalysis meetings CIDER “without walls” / “ excellence network” activities: - Summer Programs - Web resources - Exchange program for post-docs and graduate students - Extended thematic interdisciplinary programs (with KITP?) - Remote courses/seminars Facilities: - Seminar /lecture/break out rooms - Offices - Lounge and kitchen - Computer support - Video conferencing - Administrative support

19. II- Proposed CIDER “without walls” and “excellence network” activities: -Summer Programs (continued, enhanced) -Web resources (enhanced) - Exchange program for post-docs and graduate students -Extended programs (in collaboration / with KITP?) -Distributed graduate seminars

20. II- Proposed CIDER “in-house” activities - Resident post-doc. program - Resident Sabbaticals (6 months to 1 year) - Short term visitors (2 weeks to 3 months) -Working groups: (10-12 participants collaborating intensively on a topic related to CIDER goals – meet 3-4 times over 2 years, each meeting 3-7 days) -“Catalysis Meetings “ ~30 scientists to work on a major question or research area with a central theme

22. III- Facilities - Meeting rooms equipped with wireless and ethernet Internet access - Break-out rooms for smaller groups - Lounge and kitchen - Offices to be shared by resident and visiting researchers, equipped with computers - State of the art Video Conferencing - Computing resources (support for visiting researchers) -Administrative support

23. Governance/Organisation Management and Staff Senior Advisory Board (overall goals) Science Advisory Board (proposals) Proposal submissions

24. From 2004 Proposal: This proposal is for support of the first five years of a new "synthesis institute" called CIDER (Cooperative Institute for Deep Earth Studies), which has no precedent in the area of solid Earth studies. The Institute will undertake a mission of educating a new generation of Earth scientists. It will also provide an environment for studies requiring a concerted effort of leading researchers from different areas of Earth sciences. The purpose is to facilitate the work of individuals, or small groups of researchers, in contrast to a "Big Science" approach. The ultimate goal is to understand the origin, evolution, and dynamics of the Earth and planets.

25. some AGU posters 2004: U41A-0715: J C Moore, S Akber-Knutson, J Konter, J Kellogg, S Hart, L H Kellogg, B Romanowicz, Scales of mantle heterogeneity U41A-0712: C Reif, A Dziewonski, T Ireland, J Hammond, V Lekic Characterizing Deep ($>$ 500 km) Earthquake Regions to Investigate the Fate of Subducting Slabs 2006: U11A-08 “Transition Zone as a Boundary Layer” *A M Dziewonski, V Lekic, B Kustowski, B A Romanowicz U21A MCW Level 2 “Seismic Velocity Gradients Across the Transition Zone” C Escalante, F Cammarano, *N De Koker, A Piazzoni, Y Wang, F Marone, C Dalton, B Romanowicz U21A MCW Level 2 “Seismic Constraints on Slab Interaction With the Transition Zone” *V Lekic, C Reif, A M Dziewonski, A Sheehan, J van Summeren V33D-08 “The thermal state of the Earth” C. T. Lee, A. Courtier, R. Halama, M. Jackson, A. M. Larson, J. Lawrence, Z. Wang, J. Warren, R. Workman, M. Hirschmann, S. Hart, L. Stixrude, C. Lithgow-Bertelloni, W. P Chen U21A- Quantifying Mixing and Scales of Heterogeneity in 2-D Numerical Models of Chaotic Mantle Mixing AU: * Harris, A C, J. Naliboff, J. Prytulak, E. Vanacore, K. M. Cooper, S. Hart and L. Kellogg

26. Examples of pers published as a result of interactions at CIDER: –Lay, T., Heinz, D., Ishii, M. Shim, S.-H., Tsuchiya, J., Tsuchiya, T., Wentzcovitch, R. and D.A. Yuen (2005) “Multidisciplinary impact of the deep mantle phase transition in perovskite structure”, EOS, AGU, Vol. 86, No. 1, 1-5, 2005. –Matyska, C and D.A. Yuen(2005) “The importance of radiative heat transfer on superplumes in the lower mantle with the new post- perovskite phase change”, EPSL, 234, 71-81. –Lee, C.-T. A., Chen, W.-P., 2007, Possible density segregation of subducted oceanic lithosphere along a weak serpentinite layer and implications for compositional stratification of the Earth's mantle, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 255:357-366. –Courtier, A., Jackson M.,Lawrence J., Wang, Z., Lee, CT, Halama, R., Warren, J., Workman, R., Xu W., HIrschmann, M., Larson A., Hart S., Lithgow-Bertelloni, C., Stixrude, L, Chen W.P (2007) Correlation of seismic and petrologic thermometers suggests deep thermal anomalies beneath htospots, Earth and Planet. Science Lett., 264, 308-316. –CIDER related AGU presentations in 2004 (2), 2006 (5), 2008(4)

27. U. Leeds U. British Columbia Chinese Academy of Sciences ENS Lyon Weitzmann Institute Oxford U. Bristol U. U. Of Utrecht Moscow IPE U. Of Trieste Univ. College London U. Of Alberta U. Of Muenschen U. Of Muenster UC Berkeley UCLA UC Davis UCSD UC Santa Cruz U. Of Chicago UIUC U. Of Connecticut Harvard U. Lamont WHOI U. Of Maryland Louisiana State U. Rice U. New Mexico State SUNY at Stony Brook ASU Ohio State Caltech U. Of Michigan CSU Northridge U. Of Minnesotta U. Of Wisconsin, Madison USC St Louis U. U. Of Washington, St. Louis Argonne Nat. Labs. CIDER participating Institutions (2004-08)