1. What is it? Why do we use it? What types are there?

2. What is evidence? Information to support main points Information from credible sources (books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, internet sites, etc.) What is credible? http://city-mankato.us/ www.dhmo.org http://www.andoverhs.anoka.k12.mn.us/IMC/bogus.html

3. Why do we use evidence? To support what we already know To add interesting information To persuade To provide ethos

4. What types of evidence are there? Facts What is in the past or presently ongoing What can be proven Most common information in an informative speech Opinions The thoughts/beliefs of someone else Experts in the field are most credible. Often called “testimony”

5. Examples A specific instance of something ie: the story of a particular person who has Cancer Can be used to provide pathos A supporting list Ie: Many types of fruit include apples, oranges, lemons. Statistics Numbers to prove a point Percentages, rank order, numbers

6. Evidence should be documented. Documentation means citing your sources. Always document opinions and statistics. Documentation gives credit to your sources. Documentation helps provide ethos for the speaker. Document a minimum of 3 times in your speech. Example of documentation: According to biographer Joe Smith in the book, Billy the Kid, Billy was always a troubled child.

7. Assignment In groups of 2-4 people, skim the articles about Billy the Kid. Find at least 2 examples of each of the 4 types of evidence. Circle the evidence on the handout and put an F by your facts, an E by your examples, an O by your opinions, and an S by your statistics. Everyone in your group must agree with your choices and labels. Choose a spokesperson who will be prepared to share your examples with the whole group.