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What is it? Why do we use it? What types are there?
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What is evidence? Information to support main points Information from credible sources (books, magazines, newspapers, pamphlets, internet sites, etc.) What is credible? http://city-mankato.us/ www.dhmo.org http://www.andoverhs.anoka.k12.mn.us/IMC/bogus.html
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Why do we use evidence? To support what we already know To add interesting information To persuade To provide ethos
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What types of evidence are there? Facts What is in the past or presently ongoing What can be proven Most common information in an informative speech Opinions The thoughts/beliefs of someone else Experts in the field are most credible. Often called “testimony”
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Examples A specific instance of something ie: the story of a particular person who has Cancer Can be used to provide pathos A supporting list Ie: Many types of fruit include apples, oranges, lemons. Statistics Numbers to prove a point Percentages, rank order, numbers
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Evidence should be documented. Documentation means citing your sources. Always document opinions and statistics. Documentation gives credit to your sources. Documentation helps provide ethos for the speaker. Document a minimum of 3 times in your speech. Example of documentation: According to biographer Joe Smith in the book, Billy the Kid, Billy was always a troubled child.
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Assignment In groups of 2-4 people, skim the articles about Billy the Kid. Find at least 2 examples of each of the 4 types of evidence. Circle the evidence on the handout and put an F by your facts, an E by your examples, an O by your opinions, and an S by your statistics. Everyone in your group must agree with your choices and labels. Choose a spokesperson who will be prepared to share your examples with the whole group.
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