1. Supporting Materials Examples Examples Facts and Statistics Facts and Statistics Testimony Testimony (Overview)

2. EXAMPLE A specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, etc. Types of Examples Brief examples Extended examples Hypothetical examples

3. WHY Use Examples? To clarify your ideas To clarify your ideas To reinforce your ideas To reinforce your ideas To personalize your ideas To personalize your ideas TIPS for Using Examples Make your examples vivid and richly textured Make your examples vivid and richly textured Practice delivery to enhance your extended examples Practice delivery to enhance your extended examples

4. FACTS V V V VS. STATISTICS Nu Numerical facts that describe size, relationships, trends, predictions, etc. Verifiable by independent observation

5. Tips for Using Statistics  Explain  Explain your statistics  Round off  Round off complicated statistics  visual aids  Use visual aids if necessary to clarify your statistics

6. EVALUATING FACTS & STATISTICS relevant are they relevant? recent are they recent? reliable are they from a reliable source? representative are they representative of what they purport to measure? (example: can a survey of 100 people really represent the feelings of 100,000 people??)

7. TESTIMONY Quotation or paraphrase used to support a point, from someone who has the experience, qualifications, or expertise to speak on the subject.

8. Types of Testimony  EXPERT: Testimony from people who are recognized experts in their fields.  PEER: Testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic.

9. Handling Testimony DIRECT QUOTATION: Presented word for word. PARAPHRASING: Restating or summarizing a source’s ideas in your own words. WATCH OUT FOR QUOTING OUT OF CONTEXT: Distorting a statement’s meaning by removing the statement from the words and phrases surrounding it.

10. Tips for Using Testimony Quote or paraphrase accurately Quote or paraphrase accurately Use testimony from qualified sources Use testimony from qualified sources Use testimony from unbiased sources Use testimony from unbiased sources Identify the people you quote or paraphrase Identify the people you quote or paraphrase

11. Finding Experts Where are some places you could look to find experts on your subject?