2. Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Seventh Edition Elaine N. Marieb Chapter 6 The Muscular System

3. How many muscles can you identify? (indicated by arrows) 8 1 5 4 10 3 2 1 7 6 9

4. Answers!!! 1. Deltoid 2. Pectoralis Major 3. Biceps Brachii 4. Rectus Abdominis 5. Quadriceps 6. Hamstrings 7. Triceps Brachii 8. Trapezius 9. Gluteus Maximus 10. External Oblique

5. You will be able to do this!!!

6. Muscles and Body Movements Slide 6.30b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Origin – attachment to an immovable bone  Insertion – attachment to a movable bone Figure 6.12  Insertion always moves toward origin

7. Types of Muscles Slide 6.35 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings PP rime mover (agonist) – main muscle(s) for movement SS ynergist – muscle(s) that aids a prime mover AA ntagonist – muscle(s) that opposes prime mover

8. Review Body Movements & Bone Markings (see pg 3 of notes) Slide 6.32  Flexion  Extension  Rotation  Abduction  Adduction  Circumduction Dorsiflexion Plantar flexion Inversion Eversion Supination Pronation Opposition Depression Elevation Hyperextension

9. Naming Skeletal Muscles Slide 6.36b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Location- tibialis anterior (front of tibia) http://www.exrx.net/Muscles/Tibia lisAnterior.html Muscles Website

10. Naming Skeletal Muscles Slide 6.36b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Shape- deltoid (triangular), trapezius (trapezoid)

11. Naming Skeletal Muscles Slide 6.36b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Relative size- gluteus maximus (largest), peroneus longus (long)

12. Naming Skeletal Muscles Slide 6.36a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Direction of muscle fibers- rectus (straight)abdominis, external obliques (diagonal)

13. Naming Skeletal Muscles Slide 6.36a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Number of origins - triceps brachii (three), biceps femoris (two)

14. Naming Skeletal Muscles Slide 6.37 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Origin and insertion location- sternocleidomastoid (origins are sternum, clavicle, & inserts on mastoid process of temporal bone)

15. Naming Skeletal Muscles Slide 6.37 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings  Actions- groups called flexors (flexes) of forearm, adductors (adducts) of leg

16. Location of Superficial Muscles: Anterior Slide 6.43 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 6.20 flexors Vastus intermedius- under rectus femoris Adductor magnus Adductor longus Gracilis Peroneus longus trapezius Latissimus dorsi Gastrocnemius Soleus

17. Location of Superficial Muscles: Posterior Slide 6.44 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 6.21 magnus Gracilis External obliques Calcaneal tendon

18. Head and Neck Muscles Slide 6.38 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 6.14

19. Trunk Muscles Slide 6.39 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 6.15 Latissiumus dorsi trapezius

20. Deep Trunk and Arm Muscles Slide 6.40 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 6.16 Triceps brachii

21. Muscles of the Buttocks and Thigh Slide 6.41 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius gracilis gastrocnemius Adductor magnus

22. Muscles of the Pelvis, Hip, and Thigh Slide 6.41 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 6.18c gracilis

23. Muscles of the Lower Leg Slide 6.42 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 6.19 Peroneus longus

25. Locations of Muscles Slide 6.42 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings http://js082.k12.sd.us/My_Classes/Advanced_Biology/muscl es.htm Origins, Insertions, Actions of Muscles http://getbodysmart.com/ap/muscularsystem/menu/men u.html http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/grossanatomy/ dissector/mml/

26. Muscle Imbalances Slide 6.42 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Charleyhorse Strain Spasms; from overuse, injury, not having enough fluids when working out, decreased K+ or Ca+ (irritated nerve) A pulled or overstretched muscle

27. Muscle Imbalances Slide 6.42 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Hypertrophy Atrophy Increase in muscle mass Decrease in skeletal muscles

28. Muscle Imbalances Slide 6.42 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Muscular dystrophyMuscular spasm, twitch Inherited deteriorating disease, missing dystrophin protein A rhythmic involuntary contraction of a vol. muscle

29. Muscle Rehab and Prevention of Injuries Slide 6.42 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings R I C Estretching

30. Muscle enhancers Slide 6.42 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Anabolic steroids Creatine phosphate -increase ATP