1. Welcome! Hazard Identification and Control
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Welcome!

2. (Please change this image at the...it's me! ;-)
Your Intro Page Here
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3. Workshop goals
Explore the elements of an effective hazard identification and control program.
Discuss the steps in the hazard identification and control process.
Complete the hazard identification and control worksheet.

4. Form Teams

5. Hazard + Exposure a Accident
IDENTIFYING HAZARDS
It takes a hazard and someone exposed to the hazard to produce an accident.
Hazard + Exposure a Accident

6. What is a "hazard?" Complete the sentence below.
nsafe
ondition
ractice
njury
llness
mployee
reventable

7. What is “Exposure?” How close are you to the "danger zone"?
Physical exposure - generally arm’s length
Environmental exposure - could be everyone in facility.

8. Conditions and behaviors are just the symptoms
They are specific: if you can point to a person or a thing, it's a surface symptom
They may exist or be performed by anyone, anytime, anywhere
They may directly cause or contribute to an incident or accident
They likely represent the outputs of a flawed safety management system
They are important clues revealing root causes

9. 3
Conditions account for _____ % of all workplace accidents.
Behaviors account for _____ % of all workplace accidents.
Uncontrollable acts account for ____ % of all workplace accidents. 95 2
Conclusion: Management has some degree of control over 98% of the causes for all accidents in the workplace!

10. The underlying root causes must be diagnosed and treated!
System Design Defects - Missing or inadequate program development
One or more inadequate policies, plans, programs, processes, procedures, practices
Inadequate resources - money, time, people, materials, etc.
Assures inadequate implementation of the safety management system
Have the greatest positive or negative impact on the safety management system

11. System Performance Defects - Failure to accomplish action plans
Managers, supervisors, or employees fail to effectively carry out safety policies, plans, processes, procedures or management practices
They produce common hazardous conditions and/or unsafe behaviors, or
They produce repeated unique hazardous conditions and/or unsafe behaviors

12. 1 Four Important Processes to Identify and Analyze Hazards Inspections
How to develop an effective safety and health checklist.
Determine applicable state safety & health rules for the workplace.
Review rules and use those you feel apply to your workplace.
Develop applicable checklist questions that are not addressed in the rules.

13. Who's involved in the inspection process?
What is a major weakness inherent in the inspection process?
What process(es) can we use to overcome this weakness?

14. 2
Observation
Observations, informal and formal, are quite important in daily workplace safety.
Employees and managers can spot hazardous conditions and unsafe or inappropriate behaviors while they conduct their other tasks.

15. Writing Effective Inspection Reports
1. The Background/Introduction
2. The Findings
3. The Recommendations
4. The Conclusion/Summary
It’s important to write an inspection report that effectively “sells” management on corrective actions. The following inspection report format is designed to give management useful information describing hazards and “bottom line” costs/benefits needed to justify corrective actions.
1. The Background/Introduction section briefly outlines the contents of the rest of the report and tells the reader:
a. What the report is,
b. Who conducted the inspection,
c. Where was it was conducted,
d. Why it was conducted.
2. The Findings section tells the reader the results of the inspection. It details:
a. Specific hazards found,
b. Underlying root causes or contributing factors that allow those hazards to exist,
c. Possible accidents that may result,
d. Estimated probability and severity of potential accidents, and

16. Report Identified Hazards
Watch your language. Examples?
Keep it simple. How?
Reward appropriate performance. Which?
How can we most effectively recognize employees for reporting hazards?

17. 3 The Job Hazard Analysis The process...
Break a job or task into specific steps.
Analyze each step for specific hazardous conditions and unsafe practices.
Develop preventive measures in each step to eliminate or reduce the hazards.
Integrate preventive measures into training and standard operating procedures (SOP’s).

18. Why is it important to involve the employee in the JHA process?
It’s important to write an inspection report that effectively “sells” management on corrective actions. The following inspection report format is designed to give management useful information describing hazards and “bottom line” costs/benefits needed to justify corrective actions.
1. The Background/Introduction section briefly outlines the contents of the rest of the report and tells the reader:
a. What the report is,
b. Who conducted the inspection,
c. Where was it was conducted,
d. Why it was conducted.
2. The Findings section tells the reader the results of the inspection. It details:
a. Specific hazards found,
b. Underlying root causes or contributing factors that allow those hazards to exist,
c. Possible accidents that may result,
d. Estimated probability and severity of potential accidents, and

19. 4 The six-step process Incident/Accident Analysis
What are the basic steps for conducting an accident investigation?
Secure the scene
Collect facts
Gather Information

20. The six-step process
What are the basic steps for conducting an accident investigation?
Secure the scene
Collect facts
Gather Information
Develop sequence
Determine causes
Analyze The Facts

21. The six-step process
What are the basic steps for conducting an accident investigation?
Secure the scene
Collect facts
Gather Information
Develop sequence
Determine causes
Analyze The Facts
Recommendations
Write the report
Implement Solutions

22. What is the purpose of the incident/accident analysis?

23. Be ready when accidents happen 1. Write a clear policy statement.
Identify those authorized to notify outside agencies
3. Designate those responsible to investigate.
4. Train all accident investigators.
5. Establish timetables for conducting the investigation and taking corrective action.
6. Identify those who will receive the report and take corrective action.

24. Inspect to identify potential accidents
Struck-by
Struck-against
Contact-by
Contact-with
Caught-on
Caught-in
Caught-between
Fall-To-surface
Fall-To-below
Over-exertion
Bodily reaction
Over-exposure

25. Weed out the causes of injuries and accidents
Direct Cause of Injury
Surface
Causes
Root
Causes

26. Direct Cause of injury- A harmful transfer of energy that produces injury or illness.
Surface Causes of accident - Specific hazardous conditions or unsafe behaviors that result in an accident.
Root Causes of the accident - Common behaviors and conditions that ultimately result in an accident.

27. Analyze to Determine Risk
Probability
Unlikely to Certain
Severity
Other than serious -
Serious physical harm -
Death -

28. Factors that increase risk
The number of employees exposed;
The frequency and duration of exposure;
The proximity of employees to the point of danger;
Potential severity of the injury or illness
Factors that require work under stress;
Factors that increase severity;
Lack of proper training and supervision or improper workplace design; or
Other factors which may significantly affect the degree of probability of an accident occurring.

29. Hazard + Exposure a Accident
CONTROLLING HAZARDS
Hazard + Exposure a Accident
1. Engineering Controls - design tools, equipment, machinery, materials, facilities

30. Hazard + Exposure a Accident
2. Management Controls - Attempt to limit exposure to hazards.

31. Why are engineering controls considered superior to management controls?

32. Control hazards with effective education and training
When is it important to train employees?
How do we know safety education and training has been effective?

33. If it isn’t in writing…it didn’t get done…
DOCUMENT SAFETY TRAINING!
Sample training certification for specific tasks
Trainee certification
Trainer certification
Supervisor validation

34. Personal Protective Equipment
What might be some of the drawbacks of reliance solely on PPE to protect workers?
Interim measures

35. Effective Maintenance Processes
Two equipment maintenance programs
1. Preventive Maintenance to make sure equipment and machinery runs safely and smoothly.
2. Corrective Maintenance to make sure equipment gets back into safe service quickly.
How can we make sure corrective maintenance is completed quickly?

36. Hazard Tracking Procedures

37. Plan evaluation
Team Exercise: Discuss the processes your organization uses to evaluate the safety management system.

38. Continual improvement
Consider how the change you propose will impact elements of the safety management system.

39. 1. Management Commitment 2. Accountability 3. Employee Involvement
Safety management systems include critical elements:
1. Management Commitment
2. Accountability
3. Employee Involvement
Hazard Identification and Control
5. Incident/Accident Investigation
6. Education and Training
7. Plan Evaluation

40. Successful change requires effective design and performance
Continual feedback
Adopt, abandon, or revise program
as needed
Plan and develop improvements
Implement improvements
Monitor
process
Plan Do Study Act
What will happen if a change is not carefully designed or carried out effectively?

41. THE ANALYSIS WORKSHEET
Team Exercise:
View photos and use the worksheet below to determine hazards, system weaknesses, accident types and costs, probability/severity, corrective actions and system improvement.
Hazard Analysis Worksheet
Describe the Hazard:
Possible Accident Type(s):
Accident Cost Estimates:
Risk:
Recommended Corrective Action(s):
Recommended System Improvement(s):
Benefits:

43. FINAL EXAM!
You must pass this test to receive credit for this class. Just follow these instructions, and answer the questions one at a time and as quickly as you can!

44. Think of a number from 1 to 10 Multiply that number by 9

45. If the number is a 2-digit number.
Add the digits together. Subtract 5 from that number.

46. Determine which letter in the alphabet corresponds to the number you ended up with. (example: 1=a, 2=b, 3=c, etc.)

47. Think of a country that starts with that letter
Think of a country that starts with that letter. Remember the last letter of the name of that country.

48. Think of the name of an animal that starts with that letter
Think of the name of an animal that starts with that letter. Remember the last letter in the name of that animal.

49. Think of the name of a fruit that starts with that letter.

50. Are you thinking of a Kangaroo in Denmark eating an Orange?

51. If not, you're among the 2% of the population whose minds are different enough to think of something else.

52. Let’s
Review!