2. CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT Prof. Santosh Kumar, Niational Institute of Disaster management

3. DISASTER RISK VULNERABILITY X = HAZARD CAPACITY WHY CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT ?

4. Rehabilitation Prevention Mitigation Preparedness Mit igat ion Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Planning Reconstruction Disaster Development + Environment Sustainability disaster scenario non-disaster scenario Hazard Risk & Vulnerability Reduction Cycle/Spiral- SK Response Response & Relief Rehabilitation Mitigation Prevention Preparedness Mit igat ion Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Reduction ReCOvERyReCOvERy Planning Reconstruction Disaster

5. Conventional Approach Disaster = Hazard Focus: emergency management

6. Alternative Approach Hazard people’s vulnerability Focus : technical view point + socio-economic and political considerations

7. Dominant Approach  Isolated events  Responding to emergencies  Technical solutions

8. Holistic Approach  Combination of vulnerabilities and capacities  Relief and development paradigm

9. DominantAlternative Isolated EventsUnresolved problems of development Less emphasis on social linkagesEmphasis on social linkage Technical solutionsInteracting solutions CentralizedDemocratic Implementing agencies less accountable Implementing agencies more accountable Return to earlier statusOpportunity for development

10.  DISASTER MANAGEMENT IS A PUBLIC GOOD  HAVE PUBLIC POLICY ON CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT  HENCE PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS AT ALL LEVELS- LOCAL, STATE AND NATIONAL LEVELS IDENTIFIED AND STETHEN

11. WHAT IS CAPACITY ? Capacity is simply the ways and means needed to do what has to be done. It is much broader than simply knowledge and skills.

12. What are the COMPONENTS OF CAPACITY ?  Skills, knowledge, activities  Motivation and willingness  Ability to do proactive initiatives  Reasons to carry out the tasks given –Human –Financial –Infrastructure (building, equipment, access, policy) –Policy / regulatory permission

13. What is CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT ? Capacity Development refers to the approaches, strategies and methodologies used to improve performance at the individual, organizational, network at system level.

14. WHAT FOR CAPACITY DEVRLOPMENTIMPROVED PERFORMANCE AND REDUCED RISKS PRESENT PERFORMANCE ENABLINGOBJECTIVES

15. HOUSEHOLD /INDIVIDUAL/INSTITUTIONS WELL-BEING INDEX POVERTY LINE CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT DISASTER 29

16. LOW INVESTMENT VICIOUS CYCLE OF CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT LOW CAPACITY LINE CAPACITY loss LOW PERFORMANCE/ h

17. Need for sustainable capacity development  Continuity of program for capacity development  Develop ownership to the sector / progress and emerging abilities to carry out initiatives  Support from the highest authority  Continuation cycle of planning, implements, assess and new skills / updating of the module and training system  Continuous adoptive approaches for changing circumstances.

18. Relation between capacity building and HRD. Both these terms had overlapping definitions. The various ways to build capacity of the community. Some of these are:  Training  Knowledge management.  Institutional Development  Awareness generation  Research  Creating an enabling environment

19. This is Hazard

20. What is CD FRAMEWORK ? Multi-stakeholder Multi – Level Multi-Hazard SOCIO- CULURAL AND GEOGRPHICAL BACKGROUD

21. RESOURCE DEVELOPMET LEADERSHIP FACULTY & STAFF DEVELOPMET ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT HARD WARE & SOFTWARE NETWORKING/ KNOWLEDGE MGT LOCAL LEVEL STATE LEVEL NATIONAL LVEL

22. What is the STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK This would broadly be divided in two parts: (a) Education to cover school, college, university, technical, professional and informal education. (b) Training to cover all relevant sectors and levels including training of communities.

23. CAPACITY BUILDING OF WHOM ? WHICH INDIVIDUAL ? WHICH INSTITUTION ?  Ministries /Authorities and state governments (A/K)  Government officers ( execution and operations)-all sectors K/S/A  Corporate officials ( as support providers) K/S/A

24.  NGOs representatives ( operational level K/S)  Voluntary workers ( operational level/K/S)  Community ( Operational level K/S)  Individuals (operational level K/S)

25. Strategy  Create critical mass of professionals in all the sectors at the village, block, district and state levels which involves designing and and conducting of programmes.  Impart inputs of varying duration to a wide range of govt. functionaries by add on modules

26. Total target for the capacity development ??  No. of trainees to be identified  TNA has to be conducted  No. of partner institutions to be networked  No. of trainers to be created  No. of areas to be identified  No. of modules to be developed  Sustainability of initiatives to be ensured  Resource allocation

27. METHODLOGY  Reach the un-reached functionaries at the cutting edge level- Patwari, village heath worker, constables by incorporating modules in the monthly meetings at the local level.  Build awareness and enhance the coping capacity of the communities at risk through appropriate training and technical information.

28. Re-training Updating knowledge and skills of persons already trained

29. DISASTER MANAGEMENT HRD & CAPACITY BUILDING :SOME ISSUES  Organizational level  Inadequate instititutional arrangements for DM  Lack of coordinated and guided approach supported by suitable policies and plans for HRD  Limited linkages with the other stakeholders  Limited coordination between community-based organizations, scientific institutions, and the government;

30.  Personal level  Inadequate education in disaster management  Inadequate attitudinal orientation towards disaster risk management  Inadequate high quality professional trainers for building mitigation  Infrastructural level  Inadequate focus for skill development  Inadequate infrastructure for DM training in the country (including existing institutions)  In the institutions, limited infrastructure available for skill development DM HRD & Capacity Building: Some sectoral Issues

31.  CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT IS THE LOWEST PRIORY  INVISIBLE  DIFFICULT TO QUANTIFY AND ANALYSE IN THE FORMAT OF COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

32.  Research & Education systems  Disaster Mitigation is yet to penetrate into education system in India. A beginning in schooling and university/technical education is made.  Very few research work have been taken in this sector. Research is largely confined to the technical institutions only.  Research & documentation gets activated only after disaster strikes. DM HRD & Capacity Building: Some Issues

33.  Public awareness  Disaster events have become mechanisms for a short-lived public-awareness in India  Least spending by the stakeholders (different sectors) to educate public on risk mitigation  HRD and Capacity building has been always a low priority DM HRD & Capacity Building: Some challanges

34. CHALLENGE PRECEDENCE VIS A VIS INNOVATION