1. Adaptation to Impacts of Climate Change in Africa Towards Innovative and Effective Institutional Frameworks Evans Kituyi Industrial Ecology Institute, University of Nairobi, Kenya. E-mail: ekituyi@uonbi.ac.ke

2. Africa and the Challenge of Adaptation: Institutions Wide range of factors for Africa’s vulnerability well known Knowledge from past assessments not integrated in policies and programs New approaches are needed to address adaptation more prominently than before A key challenge is to re-orient the way African scientific institutions are organized Guidelines needed on strategic programmes reform and identification of right partners in innovative networks

3. Scientific Institutions—Examples Key RolesExamples of institutions Prediction of extreme eventsDrought Monitoring Centre (DMC), Met Dept, University Technology development & dissemination National R&D e.g. agric, forestry, health research centres Private sector, CBOs Policy development and integration Policy R&D e.g. ACTS, line Ministries Awareness raisingNGOs, Met Dept Capacity buildingDMC, University, NGOs

4. Scoping of 4 Institutions InstitutionProductDriver Africa Harvest (S&T research & dev) GMO e.g. drought resistant crops Food security Met Department (Govt.) Data on rainfall and temperature Weather forecasts ACTS (S&T policy research) Policy options for harnessing GMOs Food security KEMRI (medical research) Malaria spatial & temporal patterns Health security

5. Elements of good institutional programmes Research to capture local complexities and realities—avoid global prescriptions Involve local groups/institutions in the design and implementation Regular dialogue among researchers and policy/decision makers Engage knowledge networks—local, regional or international in scope Promote tripartite partnerships including government, civil society and business

6. Elements of good institutional programmes (cont.) Respond to national, regional and international policy processes and agreements (e.g. NSDSs, NEPAD, JPoI, MEAs, MDGs, WTO etc) Engage local consultants and institutions to cut on transaction costs Contribute to building local capacities (e.g. engaging MSc, PhD students on projects) Should take on multidisciplinary approaches Appropriate packaging and communication of research outcomes and monitoring impacts

7. Institution role mapping Collect Data Map vulnerabilities impact prediction Implement policies & programs Implement reviewed policies & programs Evaluation & Communication Policy analysis Institut. program review assess coping strategies Integrate new knowledge For a given sector X, at what stage in the chain does your institution have a role?

8. Proposed institutional arrangement : Example—Responding to Agro Impacts (Kenya) IPAR KARI NGOs Communities MoA Knowledge ExchangeInforming Strategies Local groups National Policies NEPAD Agenda UNFCCC MDGs WMO DMCs RING e.g. ZERO CGIAR e.g. CYMMIT Peer review Exchange visits Joint projects Network flexibility to expansion and networking with other sectors Coordination Body Other sectoral networks e.g. agriculture, forestry, coastal, water etc.

9. Prerequisites Awareness by institutional managers Funding (local sources, FCCC/Kyoto funds) Political support (national) Regional Cooperation (AU, EAC, SADC, etc) Connectivity to IT