1. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 1 RF Waveform Characteristics

2. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 2 RT-RFP © Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education Consortium All rights reserved. This module, comprising presentation slides with notes, exercises, projects and Instructor Guide, may not be duplicated in any way without the express written permission of the Global Wireless Education Consortium. The information contained herein is for the personal use of the reader and may not be incorporated in any commercial training materials or for-profit education programs, books, databases, or any kind of software without the written permission of the Global Wireless Education Consortium. Making copies of this module, or any portion, for any purpose other than your own, is a violation of United States copyright laws. Trademarked names appear throughout this module. All trademarked names have been used with the permission of their owners.

3. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 3 RT-RFP n Partial support for this curriculum material was provided by the National Science Foundation's Course, Curriculum, and Laboratory Improvement Program under grant DUE-9972380 and Advanced Technological Education Program under grant DUE ‑ 9950039. n GWEC EDUCATION PARTNERS: This material is subject to the legal License Agreement signed by your institution. Please refer to this License Agreement for restrictions of use.

4. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 4 Overview of Electromagnetic Waves nWave shape nWavelength nFrequency nPeriod nSpeed of propagation nWave polarization

5. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 5 Propagation of Waves Through Space From a Point Source

6. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 6 Wave Shapes Water as an Example Conventional image Realistic image

7. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 7 Sine Wave Graph

8. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 8 Waves nWavelength is the distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave nWaves represent a disturbance in something nSpeed of propagation is a function of the transmission medium nElectromagnetic waves are sine waves that vary in time

9. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 9 Frequency nTime period of wave - Referred to as number of waves per second reaching or passing the observation point nWave frequencies - Range from one per second to billions or trillions per second nWavelength - Measured in Hertz (number of events per second)

10. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 10 Calculating Speed of Propagation f = frequency = wavelength Speed of propagation for a given linear transmission medium is the same for all frequencies

11. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 11 Electromagnetic Wave Electromagnetic wave with orthogonal components (U. S. Navy)

12. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 12 Polarization nPolarization is the orientation of the electrical field qVertical qHorizontal qCircular (Rotating) nIf the polarization of two signals are orthogonal even if the same frequency they will not interfere with each other nPolarization can be changed when a signal is reflected

13. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 13 Industry Contributors n Ericsson (http://www.ericsson.com)http://www.ericsson.com n Lucent Technologies (http://www.lucent.com)http://www.lucent.com n Verizon Wireless (formerly AirTouch Cellular) (http://www.verizonwireless.com)http://www.verizonwireless.com n RF Globalnet (http://www.rfglobalnet.com)http://www.rfglobalnet.com n Telcordia Technologies, Inc (http://www.telcordia.com)http://www.telcordia.com n U.S. Navy n Verizon (http://www.verizon.com)http://www.verizon.com The following companies provided materials and resource support for this module:

14. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 14 Individual Contributors The following individuals and their organization or institution provided materials, resources, and development input for this module: n Dr. Jamil Ahmed qBritish Columbia Institute of Technology qhttp://bcit.cahttp://bcit.ca nMr. John Baldwin qSouth Central Technical College qhttp://means.net nDr. Derrek Dunn qNorth Carolina A&T State University qhttp://ncat.eduncat.edu

15. June 2001Copyright 2001 Global Wireless Education ConsortiumRT-RF Propagation 15 Individual Contributors, cont. n Dr. Cynthia Furse q Utah State University qhttp://www.helios.ece.usu.edu/http://www.helios.ece.usu.edu/ nMs. Annette Muga qEricsson qhttp://www.ericsson.com/http://www.ericsson.com nDr. David Voltmer qRose-Hulman Institute of Technology qhttp://www.rose-hulman.edu/rose-hulman.edu nModified by Dr. Larry Hash qState University of NY Institute of Technology (http://sunyit.edu)