1. The First Phase of the War for Independence 2 nd Left Page: What do you think happened after the battles of Lexington and Concord?

2. Fort Ticonderoga was thought to be impenetrable!

3. The Continental Army How would you organize an army?

4. What is happening in this picture?

5. Revolution Phase 1 Overview Where was it fought? – It was fought in New England. How did it go? Win? – Americans got cannons from Fort Ticonderoga – George Washington became the general – Americans used cannons to surround the British at Boston and forced them to retreat. New England was the home of phase 1 because that is where Boston was (home of the Massacre, Tea Party, Intolerable Acts, and the Battles of Lexington and Concord) and where the fighting started.

6. Phase One (continued) What were the important battles? – Fort Ticonderoga – Patriots won – Bunker Hill – British won – Boston – won by the Patriots. What did it lead to? – British were forced to retreat. – The British set up a blockade (shut down all American ports) with their navy. The British won the Battle of Bunker Hill. However, they lost so many men that they could not take advantage of the victory. The battle proved the war would be long and difficult!

7. What happened after Lexington and Concord? The Second Continental Congress was called. They voted to send peace petition to Britain (The Olive Branch Petition) but it was rejected. Appointed George Washington Commander in Chief of the Continental Army. The 2 nd Continental Congress met at Independence Hall in Philadelphia

8. Fort Ticonderoga was thought to be impenetrable!

9. What fighting occurred? Led by Ethan Allen, a group of Vermonters known as the Green Mountain Boys took over Fort Ticonderoga. Why was this important? – Patriots got control of cannons and gun powder. – It was an important route to Canada Fort Ticonderoga National Historic Landmark.htm Fort Ticonderoga National Historic Landmark.htm Allen and his men crept quietly into the fort and captured it without a battle. Cannons and gunpowder captured would be used to fight other important battles.

10. How did the Continental Congress organize an army? Many volunteers and minutemen had been gathering near Boston since the battles of Lexington and Concord. The Second Continental Congress decided to establish the Continental Army and appointed George Washington as the commander. Washington was responsible for taking a group of volunteers and forming them into an effective army.

11. What is happening?

12. What happened at Bunker Hill? After Lexington and Concord, the British were trapped by the minutemen. The Americans took a position on top of Breed’s Hill. The British crossed the river and attacked. Americans were outnumbered 2 to 1.

13. What happened at the battle? The British attacked twice and were forced to retreat. On the third attack, they were able to win. The British won, but they lost 1000 men. Only 400 Patriots died. Importance: showed the Americans could fight and that the war would be long and difficult.

14. This map shows the What happened during the Battle of Bunker Hill. Shouldn’t it be called the Battle of Breed’s Hill?

15. Why did the British leave Boston? Washington organized and trained the volunteers. Cannons from Fort Ticonderoga arrived early in 1776. Washington placed them on the Dorchester Heights above Boston Harbor. British General Howe ordered a retreat to Canada.

16. What did the British do when they left? The British retreated. But they started a blockade of all colonial ports. This meant that nothing would be able to get in or out of the Colonies!